350 COMPOSITE. Helenium. 



-1 -t Heads solitary or few on long (sometimes foot long) peduncles, terminating the stem or 

 lax branches; disk depressed-globose or almost hemispherical: leaves en ire. 



FT. Bigelovii, GRAY. Almost glabrous : stem simple or loosely branched, 2 or 3 feet high : 

 leaves from narrowly to oblong-lanceolate, the radical oblong-spatulate. elongated : pedun- 

 cles mostly slender : disk of the head three-fourths globose at maturity, two-thirds to three- 

 fourths inch in diameter, equalled by the rays : palese of the pappus ovate-lanceolate or 

 subulate and awn-pointed, considerably shorter than the corolla. Pacif. R. Rep. iv. 107, 

 Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 205, & Bot. Calif, i. 39.3. Wet ground, California, not rare from Lake 

 Co. to San Bernardino Co. ; first coll. by Biyelow. 



H. Bolanderi, GRAY. Somewhat furfuraceous-pubescent : stems stout, often simple, 1 or 2 

 feet high : leaves oblong to ovate-lanceolate, or lowest obovate : peduncles thick, commonly 

 upwardly enlarged and fistulous : disk of the head decidedly broader than high, inch or 

 more wide : rays often inch long : paleae of pappus lanceolate or subulate, with slender 

 awn, almost equalling disk-corolla. Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 358, ix. 204, & Bot. Calif. 1. c. 

 Low grounds near the coast, northeastern part of California, Bolander, &c. 



3. LEPTOPODA. Rays neutral, very numerous, mostly surpassing the linear 

 bracts of the involucre, cuneate, 3-5-cleft, yellow, as are also mostly the flowers 

 of the broad disk : pappus of thin-scarious wholly nerveless sometimes lacerate or 

 fimbriate palea3 : simple-stemmed perennials (sometimes biennials ?), from slender 

 or filiform rootstocks ; virgate stem continued into an unusually long solitary 

 peduncle, the apex of which is mostly turbinate-thickened under the large and 

 broad head : leaves narrowly or not at all decurrent. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 

 ix. 204. Leptopoda, Nutt. Gen. ii. 174; Ell. Sk. ii. 445; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 

 386, excl. 2. 



* Receptacle ovate-conical and the disk semi- to sub-globose: involucre soon reflexed and the rays 

 (over half-inch long) drooping in the manner of Euhe lenium : nearly glabrous, with somewhat 

 elongated-lanceolate mostly entire cauline leaves, but no conspicuous radical tuft: akenes more 

 or less hairy on the ribs. 



H. Curtisii, GRAY. Stem slender, 2 or 3 feet high : disk of the head half-inch in diameter, 

 surpassed by the rays : paleiB of the pappus almost entire, obovate, muticous, about one 

 third the length of the disk-corolla. Proc. Am. Acad. 1. c. Leptopoda integrifolia, M. A. 

 Curtis in Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 387, under L. brevifolia, var. Near Raleigh, N. Carolina, 

 M. A. Curtis. 



H. fimbriatum, GRAY, I.e. Less slender: disk two-thirds or three-fourths inch broad, 

 equalled by the rays : paleze of the pappus broad, dissected from summit to beyond the 

 middle into many capillary bristles. Gaillardia Jimbriata, Michx. Fl. ii. 142. Leptopoda 

 fimbriata, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. c. Low pine barrens, Florida and Texas. 



* * Receptacle and disk depressed-hemispherical or flatter: involucre and rays merely horizontal 

 or tardily recurved : flowering stem usually from a rosulate cluster of radical leaves: cauline 

 leaves gradually diminished upward, the uppermost usually bracteiform and subulate, all some- 

 what fleshy. 



"FT. Nuttallii, GRAY, 1. c. A foot or more high, -with nearly the foliage of the preceding 

 and head of the following : ovary and akene glabrous and glandular-atomiferous : paleas of 

 the pappus oval or oblong, more or less erose or lacerate, muticous, or some of them aristel- 

 late. Leptopoda Helenium, Nutt. Gen. ii. 174, excl. syn.? L. denticulata, Nutt. Trans. Am. 

 Phil. Soc. vii. 372. L. decnrrens, Macbride in Ell. Sk. ii. 446, form with denticulate leaves. 



Damp ground, S. Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 



Var. incisum, GRAY, 1. c. Leaves incised or sinuate-pinnatifid in the manner of the 

 following. Leptopoda incisa, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 387. Georgia, Le Contc. 

 H. vernale, WALT. Somewhat puberulent or tomentulose and viscidulous, a foot or two 

 high : principal leaves in a radical tuft, spatulate-lanceolate or narrower, 4 to 6 inches long, 

 from repand-denticnlate to incisely pinnatifid ; upper cauline small, linear-subulate and 

 bract-like : disk of the head two-thirds or three-fourths inch broad, yellow : akenes pubes- 

 cent : palese of the pappus obovate or spatulate, with la<-erat,e or fimbriolate-toothed summit. 



Walt. Car. 210; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 205. Leptopuda jjuiivrula, Macbride in Ell. 



