396 COMPOSITE. Cacalia: 



1. c. Damp woods, Georgia and W. Florida to Louisiana. It is impossible to determine 

 whether this or the next is Walter's C. ovata. 



C. tuberosa, NUTT. Green, not glaucous : stem 2 to 5 feet high from " a napiform root " 

 or stock, striate-augled : leaves thickish, from oval to oblong-lanceolate, entire or denticu- 

 late, or rarely repaud-dentate, conspicuously 5-7-iierved from base, and the nerves parallel 

 and continued to the apex ; radical phmtagiueous, 3 to 8 inches long, contracted or tapering 

 at base into (sometimes foot long) petioles ; lower cauliue similar, upper comparatively few 

 and small. Gen. ii. 138; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 436. C. paniculata & C. j/teranthes, Raf. 

 Ann. Nat. 1820, 14. C. ovata, Walt. Car. 196? from char., not Ell. Wet prairies, c., 

 W. Canada and Wisconsin to Alabama. 



C. lanceolata, NUTT. Somewhat glaucous : stem terete, 2 or 3 feet high, slender : leaves 

 all lanceolate and lightly 3-5-nerved, or even linear and 1-3-nervcd, thickish, entire, some- 

 times 2 or 3 laciuiate teeth or small lobes : heads and cymes of the preceding or fewer. 

 Gen. 1. c.; Ell. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, I.e. C. hastata? Walt. 1. c. 195? Wet pine barrens, 

 &c., S. Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 



* * * Leaves decompound: stem and branches slightly pubescent: corolla divided down to the 

 proper tube into linear lobes somewhat exceeding it in length. 



C. decomposita, GRAY. Stem slender, 3 feet high, floccose-woolly at base, naked and 

 panicnlately branched above, bearing numerous small (4 or 5 lines high) heads in open 

 corymbiform cymes : leaves large (radical 2 feet high including the petiole), 3 or 4 times 

 pinnately divided into linear chiefly entire lobes, the primary and secondary divisions more 

 commonly alternate: involucre about half the length of the (5 or 6) flowers. PI. Wright. 

 ii. 99. Senecio Grayanus, Hemsl. Biol. Ceutr.-Am. Bot. ii. 241. Mountains of S. Arizona, 

 Wriyht, Lemmon. 



194. ERECHTfTES, Raf. FIREWEED. (Name of a Groundsel by Dios- 

 corides.) Coarse and homely annuals (Eastern American, and some in New 

 Zealand and Australia) ; with rank smell, alternate leaves, and cymosely or panio 

 ulately disposed heads of whitish or dull yellow flowers. DC. Prodr. vi. 294 ; 

 Benth. & Hook. Fl. ii. 443. Neoceis, Cass. 



B. llieracifolia, RAF. Glabrous or with some hirsute pubescence: stem commonly stout, 

 1 to C feet high, silicate, leafy to top : leaves of tender texture, lanceolate or broader, sessile, 

 acute, acutely dentate, or some incised or pinnatitid, upper commonly with auriculate partly 

 clasping base : heads half-inch high, cyliudraceous, rather fleshy, setaceously bracteolate : 

 pappus white. DC. Prodr. 1. c ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 434. E. (hleracifolla,) prcealta, elon- 

 nata, &c., Raf. Fl. Ludov. & in DC. Senecio hieracifolius, L. Spec. ii. 866. Cineraria 

 (Janadensis, Walt. Car. 207 ? Moist woods and copses, a common weed in enriched soil, and 

 especially where woods have been recently burned away (fl. late summer), Newfoundland and 

 Canada to Louisiana. (Extends to S. Amer.) 



TRIBE IX. CYNAROIPE^E, p. 81. 



195. SAUSStTREA, DC. (Theodore, and his father Horace Benedict 

 Saussure, eminent Genevese naturalists.) Perennials of the northern temper- 

 ate and arctic zones ; with middle-sized heads of purple or violet-blue flowers. 

 Ann. Mus. Par. xvi. t. 10-13, & Prodr. vi. 532; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 471. 

 Ours all have the distinct and deciduous outer pappus of true Saussurea : 

 fl. late summer. 



S. alpina, DC. 1. c. Low, 2 to 12 inches high, with few cymose-glomerate heads, loosely 

 arachnoid-tomeutose and glabrate : leaves from narrowly to oblong-lanceolate or even 

 broader, all narrowed at base, denticulate, sometimes entire : bracts of the involucre char- 

 taceo-membranaceous, acutish or acute, outer shorter : usually some setose chaff of the 

 receptacle among the flowers. Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 452; Reicheub, Ic. Fl. Germ. t. 816, 



