424 COMPOSITE. Apargidium. 



225. APARG-f DIUM, Torr. & Gray. (Likeness to Apargia, a sort of 

 Dandelion.) Fl. ii. 474 ; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 4o9. Single species. 



A. boreale, TORE. & GRAY, 1. c. Glabrous and slender perennial: leaves wholly radical, 

 linear lanceolate, entire or nearly so, thinnish : scapes at length a foot high : involucre half 

 to three-fourths inch high : corollas deep yellow, conspicuous. Apargia borealis, Bongard, 

 Veg. Sitch. 146. Leontodon boreale, DC. Prodr. vii. 102. Microseris borealis, Schultz Bip., 

 ex Herder in PI. J\add. iii. (4), 28. Wet meadows aud bogs, Alaskan Islands (Mertens, 

 &c.) to Mendocino Co., California. Mature akeues not yet seen. 



226. HIERACIUM, Tourn. HAWKWEED. (The Greek and Latin name, 

 from tepaf, a hawk.) -- A huge European genus, and with a moderate number of 

 peculiar American species ; perennial herbs, often with toothed but never deeply 

 lobed leaves ; heads in ours from small to barely middle-sized, paniculate, rarely 

 solitary ; the flowers yellow, in one species white, produced in summer and 

 autumn, usually open through the day. Frcelich in DC. Prodr. vii. 198; Fries, 

 Symb. Hist. Hier. (1848), & Epicrisis Hier. (18G2) ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. PI. 

 ii. 516 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 65. Sections after Fries. 



H. KALMII, L. The original in the Linnasan herbarium is some wholly undetermined plant, 

 probably not at all from Pennsylvania, nor from America, certainly not of this genus. 



1. PILOSELLA, Fries. Involucre not distinctly calyculate nor regularly 

 much imbricate : pappus a single series of delicate bristles : akenes oblong, trun- 

 cate : natives of the Old World. 



H. AURANTIACUM, L. Somewhat stoloniferous from the tufted rootstocks, long-hirsute and 

 above setose-hispid as well as setulose-glandular, the involucre especially with dark hairs: 

 leaves radical and near the base of the simple scape or peduncle: heads (four lines high) in 

 a naked cymose cluster: flowers deep orange-color to flame-color: pappus whitish. Jacq. 

 Fl. Austr. t. 410 ; Fl. Dan. t. 1112. Escaped from gardens to roadsides and fields in several 

 places, New England aud New York. (Nat. from Eu.) 



H. PR.icAi/ruM, VILL. Glaucous, 2 feet or more high: stems scapiform, leafy only near tho 

 base, and there (as also the lanceolate leaves) sparsely beset with bristly hairs: heads rather 

 numerous in an open cyme: involucre about three lines high. A form of this appears to 

 be established, along fences and field borders, near Evans Mills and Carthage, N. New York, 

 L. F. Ward. (Nat. from Eu.) 



2. ARCHIERA'CIUM, Fries. Involucre of the comparatively large heads 

 irregularly more or less imbricated : pappus of more copious and unequal bristles : 

 akenes columnar, truncate : chiefly natives of the Old World. 



* Stem scapiform, or only with a leaf or two above the base. 



H. MUR6RUM, L. The form called R. prcecox, Schultz Bip., or nearly: leaves thin, oval or 

 oblong, obtuse, iucisely dentate toward the subcordate base : scapiform stem a foot or less 

 high, bearing few or several cymose heads: involucre 4 or 5 lines high, dark-glandular. 

 Open woodlands near Brooklyn, New York, Merrimn. Also apparently in Lower Canada. 

 (Nat. from Eu.) 



H. vulgatum, FRIES. Habit of the preceding, <,r more leafy: leaves from oblong to 

 broadly lanceolate, mostly acute at both ends, decurrent on the petiole : heads few, rather 

 smaller than in the foregoing. Novit. ii. 258, Symb. Hier. 115, & Epicr. 98; Eeichenh. Tc. 

 Fl. Germ. xix. t. 1526, 1527. H. sylvaticum, Smith (that of L. is rather //. murorum) ; FL 

 Dan. t. 1113; Schlecht. in Linn. x. 87. //. molle, Pursh, Fl. ii. 503, not Jacq. Labrador, 

 Kohlm.eis1.er, &c. Canada, on shores of the Lower St. Lawrence (Macoun), there perhaps 

 introduced. (Greenland, Eu., N. Asia.) 

 H. ALpfsuM, L., which has only a single large and dark-haired head, is in Greenland only, 



beyond our range. 



