12 CA M P AN U LACKS!. Campanula. 



2. Calyx wholly destitute of appendages at the sinuses : stigmas and cells of 

 the ovary 3, rarely varying to 4 or even 5. 



* Style not longer than the corolla, straight: root perennial in 'all the North American species. 

 * Openings of the capsule near its summit : low and mostly one-flowered, arctic-alpine or subalpine. 

 C. lasiocarpa, Cham. An inch to a span high, rather slender : leaves denticulate or 

 laciniate with subulate salient teeth ; the radical spatulate or oblong, mostly acute, and 

 slender-petioled ; cauline few and lanceolate or linear: calyx-tube obconical, villous ; its 

 lobes lanceolate-linear, laciniate-toothed : corolla between half and an inch long, broadly 

 oblong-campanulate, glabrous within ; its tube twice the length of its lobes and surpassing 

 the calyx : capsule turbinate. Linn. iv. 39 ; Hook. Fl. ii. 28. C. altjida, Fischer in A. DC. 

 Camp. 338, t. 11, f. 4. Summit of high northern llocky Mountains (Dntmmond) ; N. W. 

 Coast and Islands. (Kamtschatka.) 



C. uniflora, L. Chiefly glabrous, 1 to 4 inches high: leaves small (an inch or less long), 

 entire or nearly so, thickish ; the lowest spatulate or oblong, obtuse, uppermost linear : 

 flower small (4 to lines long), rather slender-peduncled : calyx-tube often pubescent, nearly 

 as long as the lobes, which are from fully to half the length of the bluish corolla : capsule 

 cylindraceous or clavate (half inch long). Fl. Lapp. t. 9; Fl. Dan. t. 1512. Arctic- 

 regions from Labrador to Aleutian Islands, and south to the Colorado Rocky Mountains. 

 (N.W. Eu., N.E.Asia.) 



f H Openings of the capsule at or near its base. 



H- Rather coarse and large, pubescent, many-flowered European species, escaped from cultivated 

 ground and rparinyly naturalized near the Northern Atlantic coast. 



C. RAPUNCULOIDES, L. Minutely roughish-pubescent : stem 1 to 3 feet high, simple or at 

 length branching : leaves more or less eremite and acuminate ; the lower and radical ones 

 cordate and long-petioled ; upper lanceolate and passing into bracts of the loose virgate 

 mostly one-sided true raceme : corolla oblong-campanulate deeply 5-lobed (an inch long), 

 blue: capsule globular, nodding on a short pedicel. Fl. Dan. t. 1327. Roadsides and 

 fields, Canada to Penn. (Nat. from Eu.) 



C. GLOMERATA, L. Pubescent, a foot high : leaves serrulate ; the lowest and radical cor- 

 date-oblong and slender-petioled ; the others closely sessile, ovate-lanceolate or oblong : 

 flowers sessile in a few terminal and upper axillary clusters, exceeding the leafy bracts : 

 corolla (an inch long) oblong-campanulate: capsule erect, opening near the base. Fl. 

 Dan. t. 1328. Roadsides, E. Massachusetts: rare. (Nat. from Eu.) 



H- -H- Slender or low species, with filiform rootstocks, mostly glabrous, one-several-flowered (in- 

 florescence centrifugal): peduncles or pedicels slender, 



= When several racemosely disposed on the simple smooth stem: capsule nodding: radical leaves 

 roundish or ovate and often cordate, at least on sterile shoots. (HAKE-HELLS.) 



C. Scheuchzeri, Vill. Stem a span to a foot high, 1-4-flowcred, more commonly 1- 

 flowered : cauline leaves linear or narrowly lanceolate, sessile, not rarely denticulate ; 

 lowest cauline spatulate : flower-bud nodding : campanulate corolla half to three-fourths 

 inch long, little or moderately exceeding the slender linear-subulate calyx-lobes. Prosp. 22 

 (1779), & Dauph. ii. 503, t. 10; Koch, Syn. 538. C. linifolia, Willd. ; A.DC. 1. c., &e., in 

 part, not Lam. (1785). C. duliia, A.DC. Camp. 286. C. Laiysdorffi/uia, Gray in Am. Jour. 

 Sci. xxxiv. 254. Alpine and subalpine or subarctic, Newfoundland and Labrador, and 

 Alaska ; Rocky Mountains down to Colorado, A//r//, E. Hull. The latter specimens strictly 

 1-flowered, with the base or lower part of the leaves hirsute-ciliate, and calyx-lobes spar- 

 ingly denticulate. (Eu., N. Asia.) 



Var. heterodoxa. Stems more diffuse and leafy : cauline leaves from lanceolate to 

 ovate-lanceolate (2 or 3 to even 5 lines wide), often sharply denticulate, nearly all tapering 

 into margined petioles ; the radical round-cordate or ovate (sometimes an inch in diameter) : 

 corolla two-thirds to a full inch long: slender calyx-lobes more spreading or even reflexed, 

 especially in fruit. Vest in Roem. & Sch. Syst. v. 98 ; Bong. Sitk. 144. C. Langsdorjjiiutu, 

 Fischer. C. llnlfolla, var. Lanysdorffiana, A.DC. Camp. 279, in part. C. linij'nliu, var. hctero- 

 do.r<i, Ledeb. Fl. Ross. ii. 888. C. pratensis, A.DC. 1. c. 287 ? excl. var. Newfoundland, 

 Pijlaie; Alaska and islands to the Shumagins. 



C. rotunclifolia, L. Stems diffuse or erect, a foot or two long, or sometimes dwarfer, 

 1-9-flowered: orbicular or cordate slender-petioled leaves only on radical shoots; cauline 



