120 GEXTIANACE2E. Gentiana. 



2. PXEUMONXNTHE. Corolla (funnelforra or salverform) plicate at the si- 

 nuses, the plaits more or less extended into thin-membranaceous teeth or lobes : 

 no crown nor glands : stigmas distinct : flowers almost always 5-merous : capsule 

 more or less stipitate. Pneumonaathe, Necker. Pneumonanthe, CJwndropltylla, 

 Ccelanthe, Tretrorhiza, &c., Griseb. 



* Root annual, and habit of the preceding section: leaves marginless : flowers cymose : ca!yx 

 short, 5-cleft : anthers oblong-linear, introrse, remaining erect. 



G. Douglasiana, Bong. A span high, slender, cymosely branched : leaves ovate ; the 

 lowest rosulate ; the cauline of few remote pairs and somewhat cordate (2 to 4 lines long) : 

 corolla white, a third to half inch long; its lobes oblong, shorter than the funnelform tube, 

 not double the length of the conspicuous and equally broad 2-cleft accessory lobes in the 

 sinuses: capsule stipitate, obovate, ancipital above: seeds proportionally large (a line 

 long), elongated-oblong, with a close coat, apiculate at both ends. Veg. Sitka, 38, t. 6 ; 

 Griseb. in Ilook. Fl. ii. 60, t. 148. Alaska to Oregon. 



* * Root annual or biennial in our species: dwarf and small plants: leaves small and with white 

 cartilaginous or scarious margins: flowers solitary and terminal: calyx narrow, 4-5-toothed : 

 corolla salverform when expanded; the lobes or plaits in the sinuses broad and emarginate : 

 anthers cordate, versatile: seeds oblong, with a close coat. Chondrophylla, Bunge, Griseb. 



G. humilis, Stev. Stems single or numerous from the slender root, 1 to 5 inches long, 

 erect or ascending : leaves glaucescent and broadly white-margined ; the radical orbicular 

 or ovate and rosulate (a quarter to half inch long) ; cauline linear-oblong, erect, connate- 

 sheathing, 2 or 3 lines long: corolla whitish or dull-colored ; its tube little exceeding the 

 calyx ; the limb half inch in diameter : capsule clavate-obovate, at length exserted on a 

 long and stout stipe much beyond the flower. Act. Mosq. iii. 258 ; Griseb. 1. c. ; Engelm. 

 in Trans. Acad. St. Louis, ii. 217, t. 0, fig. 1-5. G. aquatiat, Pall. Fl. Ross. ii. t. 97, fig. 2, 

 not L. G. Fremontii, Torr. in Frem. Rep. 94. Grassy banks of streams in the Rocky 

 Mountains, Wyoming to Colorado. (Asia.) 



G. prostrata, Heenke. Stems weaker than in the preceding and when elongated the 

 lateral ones often procumbent : leaves ovate, less erect, greener, and less white-margined : 

 flower (in the American plant always 1 and in the European sometimes) 4-merous : corolla 

 azure-blue, in fruit enclosing the linear-oblong rather short-stipitate capsule. Jacq. Coll. 

 ii. 66, t. 17, fig. 2; Griseb. 1. c. ; Engelm. 1. c. t. 9, fig. 9-14. (var. Americana) ; Herder, 1. c. 

 G. mitans, Bunge, 1. c. 1. 11, fig. 2. Alpine regions of the Rocky Mountains, from Colorado 

 northward, and to Kotzebue Sound, Aleutian Islands, &c. (N. E. Asia to Tyrolese Alps. 

 Antarc. Amer.) 



* * * Root perennial : flowers comparatively large, mostly short-pedtmcled or sessile : anthers 

 linear or oblong, more or less extrorse, remaining- erect : usually a pair of bracts under the flower. 

 Pneumonanthe, Griseb. 



H Rocky-Mountain and Pacific species: anthers unconnected, seldom connivent. 

 -w- Dwarf, 1-5-flowered : cauline leaves only 2 to 4 pairs. 



G. glauca, Pall. Stem 2 to 4 inches high : leaves oval, glaucous, 3 to 5 lines long: calyx 

 campanulate ; its teeth shorter than the tube : corolla blue, half inch or more long ; its 

 tube cylindraceous, and ovate obtuse lobes short ; the short lobes of the plaits ovate and 

 entire : seeds oval, irregularly 3-4-wing-crested. Fl. Ross. ii. 104, t. 93, fig. 2 ; Griseb. in 

 Hook. Fl. ii. 58, t. 147. Higher and northern Rocky Mountains to Kotzebue Sound. 

 (Kamts. to Siberia.) 



G. frigida, Hsenke. Stems 1 to 5 inches high, 1-3-flowered : leaves linear, varying to 

 lanceolate or spatulate, thickish, 1 to 3 inches long, the pairs connate-sheathing at base : 

 calyx-tube obconical, longer than the oblong-linear lobes : corolla funnelform, an inch and 

 a half long, yellowish-white or tinged with blue, purplish-dotted ; the lobes short and 

 broad; the plaits entire and broad but slightly extended at summit: seeds with a loose 

 cellular coat extended into crested longitudinal ridges. Jacq. Coll. ii. 13; Froel. Gent. 

 39, t. 1 ; Griseb. in DC. 1. c., with var. alf/icla. G. al.rjida, Pall. Fl. Ross. ii. 107, t. 95, a 

 large form. G. Romanzovii, Ledeb. in Bunge, 1. c. 1. 11, fig. 1. Alpine region of the Rocky 

 Mountains in Colorado and Utah, Parry, &c. St. Paul and Shumagin Islands, Harrington, 

 Elliott, &c. (Kamts. to Carpathian Mts.) 



G. Newberryi, Gray. Stems 1-flowered, 2 to 4 inches long, and ascending from the 

 axils of the rosulate-radical leaves : these obovate or spatulate, an inch or more long ; 



