Centiana. GENTIANACE.E. 123 



rowed at base : calyx-lobes from linear to spatulate or oblong, mostly equalling and some- 

 times exceeding the tube : corolla light blue, an inch or more long, its broad and roundish 

 short lobes erect, little and often not at all longer than the 2-cleft and many-toothed inter- 

 vening appendages: seeds nearly as in the preceding. Spec. i. 228 (Moris. Hist. iii. 484, 

 sect. 12, t. 5, fig. 4; Catesb. Car. i. t. 70); Griseb. I.e. (excl. var.) G. Catesbiei, Walt. 

 Car. 109; Bot. Mag. t. 1039. G. Elliottii, var.? lutifolia, Chapm. I.e. Moist woods, 

 W. Canada and New York to Florida and Louisiana. A somewhat polymorphous species. 

 G. Andrews!!, Griseb. Stems stout, a foot or two high, smooth : leaves from ovate- to 

 broadly lanceolate, gradually acuminate, contracted at base, 2 to 4 inches long : calyx- 

 lobes lanceolate to ovate, usually spreading or recurved, shorter than the tube : corolla as 

 the preceding but more oblong and the lobes obliterated or obsolete, the truncate and 

 usually almost closed border mainly consisting of the prominent fimbriate-dentate inter- 

 vening appendages : seeds with a conspicuous wing, oblong in outline. Gent. 287, & in 

 Hook. Fl. ii. 55 (with var. linearis, which is merely a narrower-leaved state); Gray, Man. 

 1. c. G. Saponaria, Froel. Gent, 32 ; Ell. 1. c. ; Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. iii. t, 79. G. Catcsbwi, 

 Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 418. Moist ground, New England and Canada to Saskatchewan, and 

 south to the upper parts of Georgia. Corolla from bright to pale blue, with white plaits, 

 sometimes all white. 



= = Calvx-Iobes and bracts (also leaves) smooth and naked on the margins (or sometimes very 

 minutely ciliolate- scabrous under a lens, especially the lower part of the bracts): seeds distinctly 

 winged: flowers in a leafy-involucrate capitate cluster, and often solitary or clustered in upper 

 axils. 



G. alba, Muhl. Smooth throughout : stem stout, 2 feet high : leaves ovate-lanceolate or 

 oblong-lanceolate and gradually acuminate from a cordate-clasping base, 2 to 4 inches 

 long: flowers usually rather numerous in the compact terminal cluster: calyx-lobes ovate 

 or subeordate, acute, reflexed-spreading, shorter than the tube : corolla dull white and 

 commonly tinged with yellowish or greenish, often an inch and a half long, like that of 

 G. Saponaria, but more campanulate and open; its ovate lobes twice the length of the 

 broad and erose-toothed appendages. Cat. ed. 2, 29, & Fl. Lancast. ined. ; Nutt. Gen. 



1. 172 ; Gray, Man. ed. 1, 360, ed. 5, 388. G. ochroleuca, Sims, Bot, Mag. t. 1551 ; Griseb. 

 in DC. 1. c., in part ; Torr. Fl. N. Y. 1. c., not Froel. G.flavida, Gray in Am. Jour. Sci. ser. 



2, i. 80. Low grounds and mountain meadows, W. Canada and Lake Superior, south to 

 Illinois, Kentucky, and the mountains of Virginia, east to Perm, and New York 1 Begins 

 to flower early in August. 



G. linearis, Froel. Smooth throughout : stem slender and strict, a foot or two high : 

 leaves linear or narrowly lanceolate, 1-J- to 3 inches long, 2 to 5 lines wide, and with some- 

 what narrowed base : flowers 1 to 5 in the terminal involucrate cluster, and often solitary in 

 one or two axils below : calyx-lobes linear or lanceolate, shorter than the tube : corolla blue, 

 an inch or more long, narrow-f unnelform ; the erect lobes roundish-ovate and obtuse, 2 lines 

 long, a little longer than the triangular acute and entire or slightly 1-2-toothed appendages. 

 Gent. 37; Pursh, Fl. i. 186, excl. syn. Michx. G. Pncumonanthe, Michx. Fl. i. 176; Bigel. 

 Bost. ed. 2, 105, not L. G. Pseudo-pneumonanthe, licevn. & Sell. Syst. vi. 146. G. Saponaria, 

 var. linearis, Griseb. 1. c. (excl. syn. G. Catesbiei, Ell., & G puberula, Michx., & char, foliis 

 margine scabris) ; Torr. Fl. N. Y. ii. 106, t. 81 ; Gray, Man. ed. 5, 389. G. Saponaria, var. 

 Frcelichii, Gray, Man. ed. 1, 360. Bogs, along the Alleghanies of Maryland and Penn. to 

 northern New York and New England, New Brunswick (Fowler), and towards Hudson's 

 Bay (Michan.r). Distinctly different from G. Pneumonanthe of the Old World in inflores- 

 cence, corolla, and distinctly winged seeds. 



Var. lanceolata. Leaves lanceolate, or the upper and involucrate ones almost 

 ovate-lanceolate (1 or 2 inches long and even half inch wide) : appendages of the sinuses 

 of the corolla sometimes very short and broad. G. rubricaidis, Schwein. in Keating, Narr. 

 Long Exped. Mississip. Minnesota and along Lake Superior. Also Herkimer Co., New 

 York, Paine. Approaches narrow-leaved forms of G. alba. 



= = = Calyx-lobes and bracts with smooth or nearly smooth margins : seeds oval and com- 

 pletely wingless, even marginless. 



G. ochroleuca, Froel. Smooth, rather stout, a span to a foot high, often branching : 

 leaves obovate or the upper oblong, all conspicuously narrowed at base, 1 to 3 inches long, 

 pale : flowers sessile or nearly so in terminal and sometimes lateral leafy clusters : calyx- 

 lobes linear, unequal, longer than the tube ; the longer little exceeded by the somewhat 



