Martynia. PEDALIACE^. 321 



1. 1088; Encll. Iconogr. t. 70; DC. Prodr. ix. 249. S. fndicum & S. orientale, L., &c. Spar- 

 ingly naturalized in the Gulf Atlantic States. Seeds yield a useful oil. (Adv. from Old 

 World.) 



2. MARTYNIA, L. UNICORN-PLANT. (Prof. John Martyn, of Cam- 

 bridge.) - - Diffuse and rank viscid-pubescent herbs (natives of America), of heavy 

 odor ; with ample rounded and subcordate petioled leaves, the lower usually oppo- 

 site and upper alternate, and large flowers in short and loose terminal racemes : 

 pedicels subtended by small bracts or none. Fl. summer. Our species belong 

 to PROBOSCIDEA, having 4 perfect stamens and beak longer than the body of 

 the fruit, and the calyx is more cleft anteriorly. 



M. proboscidea, Glox. Coarse and heavy-scented annual : leaves cordate, roundish, 

 often oblique, entire or obscurely undulate-lobed (4 to 12 inches in diameter) : bractlets 

 oblong-linear: corolla H or 2 inches long, dull white, spotted within with some yellowish 

 or purplish, also varying to light yellow : endocarp crested on the posterior suture only. 

 Obs. 14, ex DC. Prodr. ix. 253; Sims, Dot. Mag. t. 1050; Pursh, Fl. ii. 428. M. ntmua, L. 

 excl. syn. hab. ^]f. Louisiana, Mill. Diet. & Ic. t. 286. Banks of the Mississippi and 

 lower tributaries to New Mexico. Also naturalized or cultivated about gardens farther 

 north. ( Mex., &c.) 



M. fragrans, Lindl. Less stout : leaves from roundish to oblong-cordate, somewhat 

 lobed and sinuate-dentate, 3 to 5 inches broad: corolla more campanula te, 1 or 2 inches 

 long and wide, sweet-scented, from reddish- to violet-purple. Bot. Reg. xxvi. misc., & xxvii. 

 t. G; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4292. M. violacea, Engelm. PI. Wisl. 101 ; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 

 110, partly. South-western borders of Texas and southern part of New Mexico, Wriyhl, 

 Bif/elow. (Northern Mex.) 



M. altheeefolia, Beiltll. Low and small : leaves seemingly all alternate, long-petioled, 

 roundish-ovate and cordate, sinuately 3-7-lobed, 1 or 2 inches broad : bractlets linear- 

 oblong or oval : corolla inch and a half or less long, from buff- to chrome yellow, or whit- 

 ish, mottled or dotted with brown and orange : endocarp armed with teeth on both sutures. 

 Bot. Sulph. 37. M. arenaria, Engelm. PI. Wisl. 101; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 110. 

 S. W. Texas to S. Arizona, Wright, Bit/clow, Palmer. (Lower California.) 



ORDER CI. ACANTHACE^E. 



Chiefly herbs, with opposite simple leaves, no stipules, and didynamous or dian- 

 drous more or less bilabiate or irregular flowers with the general characters of 



o o 



ScropJtidariacece, &c. ; but corolla not rarely convolute in the bud; the anatropous 

 ovules few and definite (from 2 to 8 or 10 in each of the two cells); fruit always 

 capsular, 2-celled, elastically loculicidal scattering the seeds ; seeds without 

 albumen (except sparingly in the first tribe), either globose, or orbicular and com- 

 pressed and the hilum marginal, wingless, in most supported on the upper face 

 of curved processes from the placentae (indurated and persistent funiculi ?) called 

 retinacula, the close coat not rarely developing mucilage and spiricles when 

 wetted, in the manner of Polemoniacece. Cotyledons plane, orbicular with cordate 

 base : radicle straight or accumbently incurved. ITypogynous disk conspicuous. 

 Style filiform, undivided, with one or two small stigmas. Corolla from almost 

 regular and 5-lobed (and then convolute in the bud) to deeply bilabiate (or in 

 Acanthus with only a lower lip). Calyx persistent, of 5 or sometimes 4 sepals, 

 commonly unequal and more or less imbricated, sometimes united. Inflores- 

 cence various : flowers usually conspicuously bracteate and often 2-bracteolate. 

 Stems commonly quadrangular. Cystoliths abound in the foliage. A large 



21 



