44 VALERIANACEyE. Valcriana. 



corolla almost filiform, half-inch and more long, several times longer than the throat and 

 limb. Fl. i. 18; Nutt. Gen. i. 20; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Alluvial river-banks, Pennsylvania 

 to Illinois, Missouri, and Tennessee ; first coll. by Michaux. 



* * * Sarmentose-climbing or diffuse, with fibrous roots, glabrous: flowers very numerous in 

 diffuse aud compound paniculate cymes: bracts very small: corolla minute, seldom over a line 

 long. 



V. SOrbifolia, IIBK. A diffuse form of the Mexican species: stem weak, 2 or 3 feet long, 

 springing from an annually produced small oblong tuber: leaves pinnate (except sometimes 

 the radical), 5-13-foliolate; leaflets from rounded-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, coarsely ser- 

 rate, or even laciniate : cymes loosely flowered in an elongated and naked (often foot long) 

 terminal panicle. Nov. Gen. & Spec. iii. 332. C'aiiou in the Huachuca Mountains, S. Ari- 

 zona, Li niinoii, in a form with only 5 to 7 unusually large and broad leaflets, some almost 

 2 inches long, from rounded-ovate to oblong. (Mex.) 



V. SCandens, L. Root unknown : stem sarmentose and feebly twining, branching: leaves 

 long-petioled ; cauline 3-foliolate, with leaflets from deltoid- to oblong-ovate, acuminate, 

 entire or repand, rarely with a few teeth, or lowest leaves simple and cordate : panicles 

 effuse, axillary and terminal, elongated, the ultimate branches with the sessile flowers spi- 

 cately disposed. Spec. ed. 2, i. 47 ; Willd. Spec. i. 180; DC. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 47. 

 Thickets in S. Florida, climbing several feet high. (W. Ind. to Brazil.) 



2. VALERIANELLA, Tourn. CORN SALAD. (Diminutive of Valeri- 

 ana.) Annuals, commonly winter-annuals (of the northern temperate zone), 

 mostly low or slender and erect, ours glabrous or nearly so, except the fruit : 

 leaves similar in all the species, from obovate to oblong and spatulate, entire or 

 upper ones occasionally incised or toothed, radical rosulnte, cauline sessile or even 

 somewhat connate at base : flowers variously glomerate-cymose, the corolla from 

 white to rose-color or rarely bluish. As in some species of Valcriana, so in some 

 of these, the hermaphrodite flowers in different individuals are dimorphous as to 

 size of corolla and exsertion of stamens and style, yet not as in heterogone dimor- 

 phism. -- Vaill., Haller, &c. ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 81. Valerianella & 

 Fedia, Moench, Meth. 486, 493. Fedia, Gasrtn. Fruct. ii. 36, t. 86; Woods in 

 Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii. 23, t. 21 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 50. Vcth'ricmetta, Du- 

 fresnia, Betckea, & Fedia, DC. Prodr. Valerianella, Plectritis, & Fedia, Benth. 

 & Hook. Gen. ii. 155, 156. 



1. VALERIANELLA proper. Corolla with nearly regular 5-partod limb, fun- 

 nelform or more open throat with or without a small saccate gibbosity at its base 

 anteriorly, and a short proper tube : stamens 3 : fruit with the two empty cells 

 manifest, or often enlarged and closed, sometimes at length confluent into one 

 and rarely bursting : calyx-limb in American species none, or a mere tooth or 

 oblique border : stem dichotomous above ; the branches or pedunculiform branch- 

 lets terminated by corymbosely disposed glomerate cymes or cymules of small 

 flowers. Valerianella, Moench ; Dufresne, Hist. Valer. 56 ; Krok, Monogr. Yaler. 

 in Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl. v. no. 1, 1864; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 156, 

 excl. Siphondla. 



* Introduced species: corolla bluish: a gibbous corky mass at the back of the fertile cell of the fruit. 



V. OLIT6RIA, POLL. Fruit flattish and obliquely rounclish-rhomboidal : empty cells as largo 

 as fertile one and its corky back, contiguous, the thin partition between them at length 

 breaking up. Hist. PI. Palat. i. 30; Moench, 1. c. ; Dufresne, Valer. 56, t. 3, f. 8 ; Krok, 

 1. c. 88, t. 4, f. 40. V. ca'rulca (& rhombicarpa), Aikin in Eat. Man. Bot. Valcriana locusta, 

 olitoria, L. Spec. i. 33. Fedia n!i/o>ia, Vahl, Enum. i. 19 ; Woods, 1. c. 430, t. 24, f. 1 ; Torr. 

 & Gray, Fl. ii. 51 ; Porter in Am. Nat. vi. 386, fig. 102. Old fields near dwellings, New 

 York to Penn. and Louisiana; not common. (Nat. from Eu.) 



