10 CAPRIFOLIACE.E. Viburnum. 



slightly sulcate : seed reniform in cross section and somewhat lobed ; the albumen not rumi- 

 nated. Fl. i. 179 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 18 ; Audubon, Birds Amer. i. t. 148. V. aim folium, 

 Marsh. Arbust. 162. V. Lantuna, var. grandiflorum, Ait. Kew. i. 372. V. grandifolium, 

 Smith in Rees Cycl. Moist woods, New Brunswick and Canada to N. Carolina in the 

 higher mountains; fl. spring. (Japan?) 



2. Cyme radiant, or not so : drupes light red, acid, edible, globose : putamen 

 very flat, orbicular, even (not sulcate nor intruded or costate) : leaves paluiately 

 veined : winter-buds scaly. Optilus, Tourn. 



V. Opulus, L. (HIGH CRANBERRY, CRANBERRY-TREE.) Nearly glabrous, occasionally 

 pubescent, 4 to 10 feet high: leaves dilated, three-lobed, roundish <>r broadly cuiieate at 

 3-riIibed or pedately 5-ribbed base; the lobes acuminate, incisely dentate or in upper leaves 

 entire : slender petioles bearing 2 or more glands at or near summit, and usually setaceous 

 stipules near base: cymes rather ample, terminating several-leaved branches, radiant. 

 Spec. i. 268; Ait. Kew. i. 373 (var. Ain<-ri<-<iiiiun) ; Michx. Fl. i. 180 (vars.) ; Torr. & Gray, 

 1. c. V. triloluim, Marsh. Arbust. 162. T'. opuloides, Muhl. Cat. I*". Oxycoccus & V. edule, 

 Purs; ..Fl. i. 203. Swamps and along streams, New Brunswick to Saskatchewan, Brit. 

 Columbia and Oregon, and in Atlantic States south to Pennsylvania. Variable in foliage ; 

 no constant difference from the European, which is cultivated, in a form with most flowers 

 neutral, as SNOWBALL and GUELDER ROSE. (Eu., N. Asia.) 



V. pauciflorum, PYLAIE. Glabrous or with pubescence, 2 to 5 feet high, straggling: 

 leaves of roundish or broadly oval outline, unequally dentate, many of them either obso- 

 lete! y <>r distinctly 3-lobed (the lobes not longer than broad), about 5-nerved at base, loosely 

 veiny : cymes small, terminating short and merely 2-leaved lateral branches, involucrate 

 with slender subulate caducous bracts, destitute of neutral radiant flowers : stamens very 

 short: fruit nearly of preceding. Pylaie, Herb.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 17; Herder, PL 

 Radd. iii. t. 1, f. 3. V. u<-< rifalinm, Bong. Veg. Sitka, 144. Cold moist woods, Newfound- 

 land and Labrador, mountains of New England to Saskatchewan, west to Alaska and 

 Washington Terr., southward in the Rocky Mountains to Colorado. 



3. Cyme never radiant : drupes blue, or dark-purple or black at maturity. 



* Leaves palmately 3-5-ribbed or nerved from the base, slender-petiola'e: stipules subulate-seta- 

 ceous: pubescence simple, no scurf: primary rays of pedunculate cyme 5 to 7: filaments equal- 

 ling the corolla. 



-t Pacific species: drupe oblong-oval, nearly half-inch long, bluish-black. 



V. ellipticum, HOOK. Stems 2 to 5 feet high : winter-buds scaly : leaves from orbicular- 

 oval to elliptical-oblong, rounded at both ends, dentate above the middle, not lobed, at 

 length rather coriaceous, 3-5-uerved from the base, the nerves ascending or parallel : corol- 

 las 4 or 5 lines in diameter : stone of fruit deeply and broadly sulcate on both faces ; the 

 furrow of one face divided by a median ridge. Hook. Fl. i. 280 ; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 278. 

 Woods of W. Washington Terr, and Oregon (first coll. by Douglas), to Mendocino and 

 to Placer Co., California, Kdlogq, Mrs. Ames. 



4 -t Atlantic species: drupe globular, quarter-inch long, bluish-purple or black when ripe: 

 cyme mostly with a caducous involucre of 5 or 6 small and subulate or linear thin bracts. 



V. acerifolium, L. (ARROW-WOOD, DOCKMACKIE.) Soft-pubescent, or glabrate with 

 age, 3 to 6 feet high, with slender branches : winter-buds imperfectly scalv : leaves mem- 

 branaceous, rounded-ovate, 3-ribbed from the rounded or subcordate base, and with 3 short 

 and acute or acuminate divergent lobes (or some uppermost undivided), usually dentate to 

 near the base (larger 4 or 5 inches long) : cymes rather small and open : corolla 2 or 3 lines 

 in diameter : stone of drape lenticular, hardly sulcate on either side. Spec. i. 268 ; Vent. 

 Hort. Cels. t. 72; Michx. Fl. i. 180; Wats. Deuclr. Brit. ii. t. 118 (poor) ; Hook. Fl. i. 280 

 (partly) ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 17 ; Emerson, Trees of Mass. ii. t. 19. Rocky and cool woods, 

 New Brunswick to Michigan, Indiana, and N. Carolina. 



V. densiflorum, CHAPM. Lower, 2 to 4 feet high : leaves smaller (inch or two long), 

 with mostly shorter lobes or sometimes none : cyme denser : involucrate bracts more con- 

 spicuous and less caducous : stone of the drupe undulately somewhat 2-sulcate on one face 

 and 3-sulcate on the other. Fl. ed. 2, Suppl. 624. Wooded hills, W. Florida, Chapman. 

 Also, Taylor Co., Georgia, Neisler, a glabrate form. Too near V. acerifolium. 



