COMPOSITE. 00 



* * * Bracts of the receptacle distinct, chaffy-membranaceous or scarious mostly dec idu- 

 ouswith the fruit: rays fertile, 2-3-lobed : paleu: of the pu,,,>us tinner, with a thieki,!, 

 axis aud fimbriate or barbellate margins, or sometimes wanting 



120. GALINSOGA. Heads small, with 4 or 5 short rays and rat hi r numerous disk- 

 flowers. Involucre broadly campanulate or hemispherical, of ovate and bhin nearlj < 

 bracts iu two series. Receptacle coiiical. Disk-corollas short, 5-toothed: style-tips a 

 Akenes turbinate, 4-5-angled. Pappus of several tlm-kish oblong ,,r obovate palese, \\iih 

 fimbriate-barbellate or almost plumose margins or summit, or wanting. Leaves opposite, 

 serrate. 



121. BLEPHABIPAPPUS. Heads with 3 to G exserted fertile rays, and 7 to \2 disk- 

 flowers; the central of these commonly infertile. Bracts of the involucre linear-hiireuhite, 

 erect, nearly equal, in one or two series. Leceptade convex; the chuff thin or scarious and 

 narrow. Rays 3-cleft : disk-corollas 5-cleft. Style of fertile disk-flowers filiform, 2-cleft at 

 apex only, and the short branches merely truncate; of the central and infertile ones entire. 

 Akenes turbinate, silky-villous. Pappus of rather numerous narrow linear or aristil'c.nn 

 paletE, with thickish axis, and hyaline margins which are rnosth laci late-rimbriaie so as to 

 appear pectinate-plumose, sometimes abortive or wanting. 



Subtribe VIII. MADIE/E. Eay-flowers lignlate and fertile (rarely wantm- ., each sub- 

 tended by a bract of the mostly uniserial involucre which partly or c.ninph 

 encloses its akene : disk-flowers hermaphrodite, but some or all of them sterile (-ome- 

 times all fertile) ; their style-branches subulate and hispid. Bracts of the receptacle 

 always present between ray- and disk-flowers, generally none to the central ones. 

 Pappus none (or a mere rudiment or crown) to the ray-akenes, paleaceous or aristi- 

 form or else none to the disk-flowers. Pacific-American herbs, commonly glandular- 

 viscid and heavy-scented : such in California called Tai wt eds. 



% Akenes laterally compressed, those of the ray particularly so, and enclosed in condnpli- 

 cate-infolded laterally-compressed iuvolucral bracts. 



122. MADIA. Heads many-several-flowered. Involucre ovoid or oblong, few-many-angled 



by the salient narrow or cariuate backs of the involucral bracts, Receptacle Hat or coin ex, 

 bearing a single series of bracts enclosing the disk-flowers as a kind of inner involucre, 

 either separate or connate into a cup. Ray-flowers 1 to -20, with cuneate or oblong ;Mohed 

 ligules; their akenes more or less oblique and with flat sides: disk-flowers with or without a 

 pappus, either sterile or fertile. 



* * Akenes of the rav from obovate or triangular with broad rounded back to davate- 

 oblong, more commonly obcompressed, never laterally compressed with narrow la. k, 



-i Arcuate-incurved and obcompressed, completely invested by the whole of the con Conned 

 at length coriaceous iuvolucral bracts. 



123. HEMIZONELLA. Heads few-flowered; the ray-flowers only 4 or 5; disk-flowers 

 solitary or rarely 2 to 4 ; both fertile aud destitute of pappus. Involucre as in M,,,/,., Hn, 

 paicarpus, but the 4 or 5 arcuate infolded bracts broad on the back and rather olic 'in- 

 pressed ; those of the receptacle 3 to 5 and connate into a cup. Ligules minute. 

 glabrous or sparsely pilose, obovate or somewhat fusiform; of the disk straight but oblique. 

 Leaves mostly opposite. 



+- -f- Ray akenes thick and short, turgid, partly enclosed by the. lower part of the involu- 

 cral bract. 



124. HEMIZONIA. Heads many- or sometimes few-flowered: brans of the involucre 

 rounded ou the back. Ray-akenes more or less oblique; those of the dis 



fertile, or in the later sections some or even most of them fertile, with or withot 



Leaves mainly alternate. 



H__ H__ .,__ Ray akenes mostly obcompressed, never laterally compressed, wholly enclosed in 



an obcompressed basal portion of the subtending involucral bracts, the dilated mar 



which are abruptly infolded. 



125 ACHYRACHJENA. Heads many-flowered : ray-flowers 6 to 10, with .".-deft lignlc 

 much shorter than its filiform tube, little surpassing the disk: disk-corollas slender, 5 



