86 COMPOSITE. 



* * Receptacle bearing some capillary bristles among the flowers : pappus all or the 

 greater part deciduous iu connection : akeues not flattened. 



222. CALYCOSERIS. Involucre many-flowered, obloug-campanulate, of numerous erect 

 linear-lanceolate scarious-margiued bracts in a single series, and of a short and loose calycu- 

 late outer series. Delicate capillary bristles of the receptacle, one to each flower, as long as 

 the akenes and deciduous with them. Akenes fusiform or oblong, 5-costate, attenuate into 

 a short beak, which terminates in a shallow and denticulate scarious pappus-like crown, sur- 

 rounding the base of a copious and white soft-capillary pappus ; its bristles equal, deciduous 

 all together. 



223. MALACOTHRIX. The species with bristle-bearing receptacle belong here. Akenes 

 short-columnar, truncate at both ends. 



230. TROXIMON. One species sometimes bears chaffy bracts among the flowers : akenes 



short-rostrate. 



* * * Receptacle naked. 



) Akeues not flattened : pappus promptly deciduous, mainly altogether, soft and white. 



223. MALACOTHRIX. Involucre many -flowered, either imbricated or only calyculate. 

 Receptacle sometimes with or sometimes without delicate capillary bristles interposed among 

 the flowers. Akenes short, oblong or columnar, glabrous, terete and striately 5-1 5-costate, 

 or 4-5-augled by the prominence of stronger ribs, slightly or not at all narrowed either way, 

 with broad truncate apex having an entire or denticulate border or sharp edge. Pappus a 

 series of soft and scabrous or near the base barbellulate bristles, which are deciduous more 

 or less in connection, and commonly 1 to 8 outer and stronger ones which are more persist- 

 ent and smoother. 



228. CREPIS. One or two species incline to have most of the pappus-bristles fall in 

 connection, also a few less deciduous. 



224. GLYPTOPLEURA. Involucre 8-18-flowered, cylindraceous, of 7 to 12 nearly 

 membranaceous linear-lanceolate equal hardly scarious-rnargined bracts, which are partly 

 connate below, and some loose foliaceous ones or subtending leaves at base. Akenes 'nar- 

 rowly oblong, often somewhat incurved, slightly tapering downward, with 5 thick obtuse 

 ribs or angles, and the intervals conspicuously caucellate-sculptured, so as to form single 

 rows of pits, at summit a short thick and 5-ribbed hollow beak exserted from a cupulate 

 shoulder, and slightly dilated to bear the pappus: this bright white, of very numerous and 

 fine hardly scabrous capillary bristles, in more than one series, caducous, outermost falling 

 separately, inner mostly in connection at base. 



-t -i Akeues not flattened : pappus persistent, or bristles tardily falling quite scparatelv, 

 never in connection (except, perhaps, by the breaking of the summit of an attenuate 

 beak). 



H- Beak to the akenes none or a mere attenuation. 



= Heads solitary, terminating simple bractless scapes : flowers yellow. 



225. APARGIDIUM. Involucre rather many-flowered, cyliudraceous-campanulate ; bracts 

 somewhat herbaceous, lanceolate, acuminate, one-nerved, rather few in 2 or 3 series, or outer 

 and broader ones more calyculate. Akeues linear-oblong, columnar, glabrous and smooth, 

 truncate, not tapering at either end. Pappus sordid or brownish, of rather copious minutely 

 barbellulate and rather fragile capillary bristles, with some outer and smaller ones mei-ely 

 scabrous. Perennial. 



230. TROXIMON. Involucre many-flowered. Akenes tapering, 10-costate, beakless in 

 original species. 



= = Heads seldom solitary, borne by leafy stems or more or less bracteate scapes. 

 a. Flowers yellow (in an adventive species ( red-orange), or in one species white. 



226. HIERACIUM. Involucre several-many-flowered, of narrow equal bracts and some 

 short calyculate ones, or sometimes imbricate, having those of intermediate length, not thick- 

 ened at base nor with thickened midribs. Akenes oblong or columnar, smooth and glabrous, 

 mostly 10-ribbed or striate, either terete or 4-5-angular, slightly contracted at very base, 

 commonly of same thickness to the truncate top, but in several species tapering to a nar- 

 rower summit. Pappus of rather rigid scabrous fragile bristles, sordesceut or fuscous, rarely 





