Solidago. COMPOSITE. 149 



rounded at apex, these sharply serrate, below long-attenuate into a margined petiole : heads 

 4 lines long: iuvolueral bracts oblong and broadly linear : akenes silky-pubescent. Prodr. 

 v. 339 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 191. 6'. /n-tiolan's, Less, in Linn. vi. 502; Hook. & Arn. 

 Bot. Beech. 145, in part. 6\ spiciformis, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 202. Homopappus ? spathulatus, 

 Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 332. Monterey, California, first coll. by Hainke, Chamisso, 

 Coulter. Not " Mexico," where, however, is the somewhat related S. simplex, HBK., recently 

 rediscovered by Schaffuer. 



* * * * Heads small or middle-sized (2, 3, or rarely 4 lines long), not in a terminal corymbi- 

 form cyme, but in paniculate or racemifonn clusters, which when well developed are collected 

 in a terminal and more or k'ss naked compound panicle or set of panicles (a few species tend to 

 have axillary clusters, or the panicle leafy below) ; when the clusters are racemiform and spread- 

 ing they are apt to be secund: stems generally simple or branching only at summit. (Ereclce 

 in part and Uhilaterales, DC.) PANICULAT.E. 



H Confined to the sea-coast or the vicinity of brackish water, very smooth and glabrous, and 

 with firm and thickish or even somewhat fleshy bright-green foliage; but occasionally varying 

 with some minute pubescence in and toward the inflorescence, &c. (S. lithospermifolla is mani- 

 festly pubescent, but that species is not known as an indigenous plant) : leaves obscurely punc- 

 ticulate, entire, or some lower ones a little serrate, with a prominent midrib, but inconspicuous 

 veins and veinlets in a fine reticulation ; the lower leaves sometimes with one or two pairs of 

 low-lateral or basal ribs or veins: inflorescence thyrsoidal, but the clusters sometimes racemiform 

 and even secund. Maritlinee. 



H- Flowering rather early, commonly stout and middle-sized or tall: general inflorescence panic- 

 ulate or hardly strict, leafy at the base: upper leaves not notably unlike the lower ones, and 

 not appressed. 



S. COnfinis, GRAY. Apparently pale green: leaves lanceolate and rather short (cauline 

 2 to 3 inche.s long), or the radical obovate : heads small (2 lines long), crowded in a dense 

 oblong panicle, not secuiid, on glabrous pedicels : rays small, not surpassing the disk-flowers : 

 akenes cauescently pubescent. Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 191. S. sempervirens, Gray, Bot. 

 Calif, i. 319, as to pi. coll. Palmer. S.California; in San Diego Co., Palmer, Cleveland, 

 \asey. San Bernardino Co., at hot springs on the lower mountains, Parish. 

 S. sempervirens, L. Bright green, leafy to the top, 2 to 8 feet high: leaves lanceolate 

 or varying to linear and mostly acute or the lower obtuse, lowest often oblong and spatulate, 

 of firm or rather fleshy texture : heads commonly large (4 or 5 lines long, or in slender forms 

 only 3 lines long) and showy, numerous in short racemiform or corymbulose and somewhat 

 secund clusters collected in an open thyrsus, or when fewer loosely paniculate : flowers golden 

 yellow; rays 7 to 10, mostly large. Spec. ii. 878; Ait. Kew. iii. 214; DC. Prodr. v. 335; 

 Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 211. S. Mexicana, L. 1. c. 879, & authors. S. carnosa & Noveboracensis , 

 Mill. Diet. S. Icevigata, Ait. Kew. 1. c. 215; Nutt. Gen. ii. 159. S. limonifo/ia, Pers. Syn. ii. 

 249. S. Azorica, Hochst. in Seubert, Fl. Azor. 31. Along and near the sea-coast and tidal 

 streams, New Brunswick and Canada to Florida, in wet or dry soil. Also San Francisco 

 Bay, &c., on the Pacific. Inflorescence occasionally pubescent, and when away from salt 

 water not rarely the upper part of the stem also, and leaves duller, so approaching the fol- 

 lowing cultivated variety. (Mex., Bermuda, Azores.) 



Var. viminea, GRAY, Proc. 1. c. 192. Cultivated form, with duller-green leaves, which 

 have lost the somewhat fleshy-coriaceous' texture : upper part of stem and the inflorescence 

 appressed-puberulent : racemiform clusters hardly developed, but the heads more scattered 

 in a leafy panicle. S. integerriina, Mill. Diet. S. viminea, Ait. Kew. 1. c. 215 ; Willd. Spec. 

 iii. 2064. S. integrifolia, Desf. Cat. 1804, 103, & ed. 3, 402 ; DC. Prodr. 1. c., excl. syu. Nutt. 

 S. carinata, Schrad. in DC. 1. c. 337. Common in European Botanic Gardens; passes into 

 S. LITHOSPERMIFOLIA, Willd. Enum. 891, and S. ELATA, Pursh (Solauder, mss.), Fl. ii. 

 543). Taller, robust, larger-leaved, even the leaves somewhat puberulent. Unknown as in- 

 digenous, obviously S. sempervirens, var. viminea, more altered; but so unlike the species that it 

 demands separate mention. 



H- -H- Late-flowering, wholly glabrous, virgate; the upper portion of the stem beset with small 

 appressed leaves: heads (commonly 3 lines long) in a strict and narrow naked panicle. 



S. stricta, AIT. Stem simple, slender, very strict, 3 to 8 feet high : leaves all entire or the 

 lowest cauline and radical rarely a little serrate ; these oblong or spatulate and very obtuse ; 

 cauline very numerous, approximate, small and becoming bract-like, appressed, from oblong 



