182 COMPOSITE. Aster. 



ii. 120, not Wall. A. Batdwim'i, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 127, from specimens with rameal 

 leaves only. Dry ground, S. Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. (Named as distinct new 

 species in herb. Poiret and herb. Banks.) 

 .,_,. -H- 4-t- Leaves nearly all sharply serrate, thinner, none cordate-clasping either by base of 



upper sessile ones or by appendage at base of petiole. 

 Involucral bracts obtuse or obtusish with conspicuously marked and definite very short green 



tips : heads small and numerous. 



A. cordifolius, L. Green, slightly pubescent to nearly glabrous, paniculately much 

 branched above into thyrsoidal inflorescence of very many small heads : leaves membraua- 

 ceous, acutely serrate, cordate-ovate on nearly naked petioles, or uppermost lanceolate and 

 sessile, acuminate: heads 2 or 3 lines high: rays only 10 to 12, pale violet or whitish. 

 Spec. ii. 875, mainly (Hort. Cliff., & syu. Coruuti & Morison) ; Ait. 1. c. 207; Lindl. Bot. 

 Reg. t. 1597 (unusual form) ; Pursh, Fl. ii. 552; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 120; Gray, Proc. Am. 

 Acad. xvii. 165. A. patiir.iihitus & A. heterophyllus, Willd. Spec. iii. 2035. A. paniculatus, 

 heterophyllus, & c<>,-<i;f<>lins, Nees, Ast., chiefly. Common in woodlands, New Brunswick to 

 the mountains of Georgia, west to Wisconsin and Missouri. A singular abnormal state, 

 collected by Moser on the Pocono in Pennsylvania, has some of the lower cauliue leaves 

 lanceolate and laciuiate ; others oblong-ovate, simply serrate, barely subcordate-coutracted 

 into a winged petiole : perhaps a hybrid with A. d/ffusus. 



= = Involucral bracts acute or acutish, with the green tips more indefinite. 



a. Heads rather larger than in the last preceding (3 or 4 lines high), numerous, thyrsoid-paniculate 

 on the rather rigid branches: stems rather stout, 2 to 6 feet high: leaves mostly gradually 

 acuminate. 



A. Drummondii, LINDL. Pale with a fine and mostly soft cinereous pubescence : leaves 

 from cordate to cordate-lanceolate and mostly on margined petioles, or the small uppermost 

 lanceolate and sessile by a narrow base, obtusely or acutely serrate (the large 4 inches, smaller 

 about an inch long), sometimes scabrous above: bracts of the involucre acute or acutish : 

 rays violet-blue or paler, 3 to 5 lines long. Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 97, & DC. 1. c. 234 ; 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Open grounds and border of woods, Illinois and Minnesota to Texas. 

 Forms pass into the next. 



A. sagittif olius, WILLD. Green, from glabrous to sparsely pilose-pubescent : stem strict, 

 2 or 3 feet high : leaves oblong- and ovate-lanceolate, acutely more or less serrate ; radical 

 and lowest cauline narrowly cordate, on naked petioles ; upper subcordate or truncate at 

 base and contracted into a winged petiole (3 to 5 inches long) ; uppermost linear-lanceolate 

 and sessile : heads densely thyrsoid-paniculate : bracts of the involucre subulate-linear and 

 mostly attenuate, the tips rather loose : rays purplish, pale violet, or bluish, sometimes 

 nearly white. Spec. iii. 2035; Nees, Ast. 56; Hook. Fl. ii. 9; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 121. 

 A. cordifolius, Willd. 1. c., as to spec, from Mnlil. A. puniculatus, Muhl. Cat ; Darlingt. Fl. 

 Cest. 464. A. hirtdlus & .1. urojJtyllus, Lindl. in DC. Prodr. v. 233, from " St. Louis, Drttm- 

 mond," not " Louisiana." Open grounds, Canada and W. New York to Dakota, Missouri, 

 and Florida. 



b. Heads larger (4 or 5 lines high) and comparatively few in a loose thyrsus or panicle terminating 

 the simple stem: only lowest leaves cordate or subcordate: involucral bracts looser and less 

 imbricated. 



A. Lindleyanus, TORR. & GRAY. Green, sparsely pilose or nearly glabrous : stem 10 to 

 20 inches high, rather stout, the smaller plants bearing few heads : radical and lowest cauline 

 leaves ovate, moderately or some obscurely cordate, on winged or margined petioles ; upper 

 ovate- to oblong-lanceolate ; uppermost sessile and acuminate at both ends : bracts of the in- 

 volucre linear-attenuate; the outer little shorter: rays pale violet, 3 to 5 lines long. Fl. 

 ii. 122. A. paniculatus, Ait. Kew. iii. 207; Hook. Fl ii. 8 (chiefly), not Lam. A. prcecox, 

 Lindl. in Hook. Fl. ii. 9, not Willd. Labrador to Upper Canada, Lake Superior, Sas- 

 katchewan, and the borders of British Columbia. The original of the species was raised by 

 Gordon from Labrador seeds, and has more extended inflorescence of smaller heads than is 

 common in the wild plant. 



Var. ciliolatUS (A. ciliolatus, Lindl. in Hook. Fl. & DC. Prodr. 1. c. 235) is a dwarf 

 arctic form, a span to 8 inches high, bearing few (not cordate) leaves and only 2 to 7 heads ; 

 from Slave Lake, Richardson. 



