228 COMPOSITE. Stylocline. 



ovate-lanceolate, tapering into a rigid and incurved-uncinate cusp, persistent and 

 at length stellately spreading : akene obovate-fusiform and obscurely obcompressed 

 (the pericarp distinct from the seed and obsoletely few-nerved !), loosely enclosed 

 in the involutely closed bracts : no pappus to sterile flowers : no involucre out- 

 side the fructiferous bracts. -- Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 6.32. 



S. filagiliea, GRAY, 1. c. Erect or diffuse, appressed-lanate : leaves from linear to spatulate : 

 heads capitate-glomerate, the hooked empty bracts at maturity 2 lines long. Ancistrocar- 

 jihus fi/ogincus, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. vii. .356. Open ground, California from Mendo- 

 cino Co. (Bolander) to the Mohave Desert (Parry, Lemmon), and northward to Union Co., 

 Oregon, Cusick. Between Stylocline and Evax. 



56. PSILOCABPHUS, Nutt. (*tAo'?, bare, Kap<o<?, chaff, not an appro- 

 priate name.) Small and diffuse or depressed and much branched annuals 

 (Pacific American), floccose ; with most of the leaves opposite, and globose heads 

 comparatively large and apt to be solitary at the forks and ends of the branches. 

 Fructiferous chaff at length deciduous with the enclosed akene, or opening ven- 

 trally so that this is shed. Uppermost leaves involucrate around the sessile head. 



-Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. 340; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 265; Gray, 1. c. 

 Bezanilla, C. Gay, FL Chil. iv. 109, t. 46. 



P. OregaiTUS, NUTT. Loosely lauate, erect or spreading, becoming a span high, but begin- 

 ning to flower close to the ground : leaves mostly linear : heads when well formed 3 lines 

 in diameter, and fructiferous bracts a line and a half long. Gray, Bot. Calif, ii. 336. P. 

 Oreganus, glob/ferus (excl. syn.), & brevissimus (excl. syn.), Nutt. 1. c., the last two depau- 

 perate early-flowered states. W. California, from Los Angeles to Oregon, and even to 

 Boise City, Idaho, Wi/cox. 



Var. elatior, GRAY, 1. c. A robust well-developed form, 5 or 6 inches high, with 

 larger leaves three-fourths inch long, and heads 4 lines broad. Near Portland, Oregon, 

 Hall, Kellogg. 



P. tenellus, NUTT, 1. c. Canescent with a finer and closely appressed wool, slender, dif- 

 fusely much branched, usually depressed and matted : leaves commonly spatulate, some- 

 times all linear, 3 or 4 lines long : heads 2 lines in diameter, the more vesicular fructiferous 

 bracts a line long. Gray, Bot. Calif, ii. 336. Common through W. California to Wash- 

 ington Territory. 



57. EVAX, Ga?rtn. (Name, unexplained by Ga?rtner, used as a joyous 

 exclamation in Plautus, said by Wittstein, on the authority of old editions of 

 Pliny, to be the name of an Arabian chief who wrote to the Emperor Nero about 

 simples.) Mostly dwarf and depressed annuals, or some typical species of the 

 Old World perennials, floccose-woolly, represented in N. America by the follow- 

 ing aberrant groups. 



1. HESPER^VAX, Gray. Bracts of the oblong involucre and those of the 

 receptacle subtending the female flowers from oblong to obovate, chartaceous, 

 becoming coriaceous, persistent, barely concave : receptacle at length slender- 

 columnar from a broader base, sparsely villous ; the female flowers and bracts 

 crowded at its base ; the summit bearing a circle of 3 to 5 or 7 more herbaceous 

 or coriaceous obovate or rotund tonientulose open bracts, subtending a few male 

 flowers ; these with a 2-cleft style but no ovary : akenes pyriform-obovate, some- 

 what obcompressed, very smooth. --Pacif. R. Rep. iv. 101, t. 11, Proc. Am. Acad. 

 viii. 651, & Bot. Calif, i. 337. 



E. caulescens, GRAY, 1. c. Either annual or biennial, canescent with appressed or some- 

 what floccukmt wool : leaves spatulate. Occurs under various forms, of which the typical, 



