dirysogonum. COMPOSITE. 243 



B. tomentosa, NCTT. 1. c. Canescent throughout with soft and close pannose toraentum, 

 110 hirsute or villous hairs, when glabrate hardly at all scabrous: stem a foot or two hio-h 

 rarely ouly a span high : leaves all obtuse, green above, generally whitish beneath ; radical 

 and lower cauliiie elongated-oblong and petioled ; upper cauline usually ovate-oblong or oval, 

 sometimes subcordate-ovate, short-petioled or sessile heads fewer, in low specimens almost 

 solitary and louger-peduiicied. Torr. Gray, Fl. ii. 282. B. ji/iini/n, Nutt. I.e. Silpln'itm 

 puinilitin, Michx. Fl. ii. 146. 5. tomentosum, pumilum, & riticu/ntnut'? Pursh, Fl. ii. 578, 579. 

 S. Astcriscus, var. pumilum, Wood, Bot. 442. Pu/yiiutia Carolinitum, Poir. Diet. v. 505. 

 Dry pine barrens, N. Carolina to Florida, Arkansas, and Missouri. 



Var. dealbata, TORR. & GRAY, 1. c. More robust and leafy, 2 or 3 feet high, branch- 

 ing at summit and bearing more numerous and shorter-peel uncled heads: cauline leaves 

 broader and more sessile, densely white-tomentose beneath ; lower broadly cordate, upper 

 often deltoid (with or without a subcordate base), either obtuse or acute. Texas, Drum- 

 iiiwul, I tail, Reverchon, a very soft-canesceut form. Varies into a less cauescent state, 

 approaching B. Texanu, the leaves scabrous above (var. y, Torr. & Gray, 1. c.), Arkansas, 

 Louisiana, and Texas. 



* -* Stems commonly low and with long monocephalous peduncle? ; the earliest often produced 

 from near the root, and scauiform, the Inter from leafy stems or branches: leaves variable, all 

 attenuate at base, disposed to be piunatitid or lyrate. 



B. subacaulis, NUTT. 1. c. Barely cinereous with minute often hispidulous pubescence (or 

 the peduncles sometimes hirsute), soon green, becoming a foot or so high and leafy: leaves 

 of oblong-linear or oblong-spatulate outline, irregularly siuuately or lyrately piuuatifid, with 

 short obtuse lobes : akeues narrowly obovate-oval, merely carinately costate on the inner 

 face. Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 282. Silphium subacaulc, Nutt. in Am. Jour. Sci. v. 301 ; DC. 

 Prodr. v. 512. 5. Nuttallianum, Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. ii. 216, as to syu. Florida, in dry 

 pine barrens ; first coll. by Ware. 



B. lyrata, BENTH. Canesceut with minute white or gray tomeutum : leaves at length 

 greenish above, variously lyrate-pinuatifid ; the lateral lobes oblong or narrower, obtusely 

 dentate, sometimes incised : akeues obovate, the costa of the inner face strongly cariuate. 



PI. Hartw. 17; Gray, PI. Feudl. 78, & PI. Wright, i. 103. B. incisa, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 

 ii. 282. Silphium Nuttallianum, Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. ii. 216, excl. syn. Plains and hills, 

 W. Texas and Arkansas to Arizona. (Mex.) 



Var. macrophylla. Ifadical leaves often a foot long, lanceolate-oblong or spatulate, 

 either merely creuate or piimatifid at base : later flowering steins sometimes 2 or 3 feet high. 



S. Arizona, Lcmiiwn. 



72. CHRYS6G-ONUM, L. (Greek name of some plant in Dioscorides. 

 Linnaeus gives the derivation of his genus from xpuo-d?, golden, and yo'vu, knee ; 

 of no obvious application.) Gsertn. Fruct. ii. 43G, t. 174 ; Lam. 111. t. 713 ; DC. 

 Prodr. v. 510; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 274; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 350, excl. 

 syn. Moonia, &c. ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 216. Diotostepfius, Cass. Diet. 

 xlviii. 543. Single species : fl. spring and summer. 



C. VirginianUHl, L. Perennial from creeping rootstocks and sometimes by runners, 

 pubescent, often hirsute, flowering acaulesceutly from the ground, also with stems a span to 

 a foot high, bearing 3 or 4 pairs of long-petioled leaves ; these ovate, mostly obtuse and 

 crenate; cauline rarely subcordate and equalling or shorter than their petioles, or the radical 

 obovate with cuneate attenuate base : peduncles solitary in the forks and terminal, all but the 

 radical ones elongated : involucre one-third and yellow rays half inch long. Spec. ii. 920 

 (Pink. Aim. t. 83, f. 4, & 242, f. 3) ; Walt. Car. 217; Michx. Fl. ii. 148; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 

 C. Virginianum & C. Diotostephus, DC. 1. c. Diotostephus repent, Cass. 1. c. Dry ground, 

 S. Pennsylvania to Florida. Varies considerably according to ai;c and season, usually low 

 when blossoming begins. 



Var. dentatum, GRAY. Leaves deltoid-ovate, acute, coarsely dentate-serrate, the tip 

 and teeth, also the tips of the bracts of the outer involucre, terminated by a more conspicu- 

 ous callous mucro. Bot. Gazette, viii. 31. High Island at the falls of the Potomac above 

 Washington, 7. Donnell Smith, Ward, Vasey. 



