Rudbeckia. COMPOSITE. 261 



length of the 12 to 14 fully inch-long rays: disk over half-inch in diameter. Ait. Kew. 

 iii. 251 ; Bot. Mag. t. 1996; Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. i. t. 54, & iii. t. 98 (both figures doubtful) ; 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c., partly. R. chrysomela, Michx. Fl. ii. 143. A', discolor, Pursh, Fl. ii. 574, 

 DC. 1. c., hardly of Elliott. Dry soil, Pennsylvania? and Virginia to Louisiana and Texas] 

 west to Missouri; flowering rather late. 



R. spathulata, MICHX. Strigulose : stem slender, 8 inches to 3 feet high : leaves obovate 

 or spatulate, or the uppermost lanceolate, denticulate or sparingly serrate, their pubescence 

 wholly appressed and short; radical and lowest cauline leaves mostly roundish at summit, at 

 base abruptly contracted into a winged petiole, or even subcordate : peduncle usually elon- 

 gated : involucre commonly shorter and rays fewer and broader than in the preceding, and 

 uisk smaller. Fl. ii. 144; Nutt. Gen. ii. 178. R. Heliopsidis, A. Ii. Curtiss, coll. no. 1427, 

 not Torr. & Gray. R. fttlgicla, Torr. & Gray, 1. c., var. y, & /3 in part. Pine woods, Vir- 

 ginia to Tennessee and Florida. 



R. speciosa, WENDEROTH. Sparsely strigulose or hispid, or glabrate : stem 1 to 3 feet 

 high, usually with spreading branches terminating in long naked peduncles: leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate or the upper elongated-lanceolate, bright green, irregularly serrate or some 

 laciuiately dentate, acute or acuminate; radical and lower cauliue oblong or ovate, 3-5- 

 nerved, abruptly contracted into long margined petioles: rays 12 to 20, elongated, at length 

 inch and a half long : disk two-thirds to three-fourths inch high at maturity, the tips of the 

 purple chaffy bracts sparingly or obscurely ciliate : akeiies larger and longer than in the 

 related species (line and a half long), more curved. Ind. Sem. Hort. Marb. 1828, & in 

 Flora, 1829, i. Suppl. 30; Schrad. in DC. 1. c.; Torr. Gray, 1. c. ; Card. Chrou. 1881, 

 ii. 372, fig. 72. Probably R. asjwra, Pers. Syn. ii. 477. R. fulyida, Meehan, Nat. Flowers, 

 ser. 2, i. t. 14. Moist ground, Penn. to Michigan, Arkansas,*and upper part of Alabama. 

 Long cultivated in gardens as R.falgida, &c. 



b. Chaffy bracts of the receptacle with the obtuse tips canescently puberulent or pubescent, and the 

 flowers duller purple ; the disk therefore browner. 



1. Cauline leaves all closely sessile or partly clasping, not nervose: bristly style-tips little thick- 

 ened: akenes small : pappus very short or obsolete. 



R. mollis, ELL. Cinereous, the leaves with fine and close pubescence, the (2 or 3 feet high 

 and usually branching) stem with hirsute or villous hairs, leafy : leaves spatulate-oblong, 

 obtuse, obscurely serrate, somewhat triplinerved (1 to 3 inches long): rays 12 to 20, at 

 length inch and a half long and disk fully half-inch high. Sk. ii. 453 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 

 R. si>athiihtta, Pursh, Fl. ii. 574. Dry soil, Georgia and Florida. 



2. Cauline leaves mostlv petioled : heads small: quadrangular akenes only a line lung: pappus an 

 obscure crown or hardly any. 



R. Heliopsidis, TORR. & GRAY. Almost glabrous, 2 feet high, rather slender, branched 

 above : leaves oblong-ovate, somewhat serrate, triplinerved and with a pair of nearly basal 

 nerves, abruptly contracted, the upper into short and wing-margined, the lower into long and 

 naked petioles : peduncles rather short and corymbose: involucre much shorter than the at 

 length globular disk (which is hardlv half-inch high) : rays light yellow, 10 or 12, an inch or 

 less long. Fl. ii. 310. Pine woods, Columbus, Georgia, Boykin. Cherokee Co. and Lee 

 Co., Alabama, Buckley, J. Donnell Smith. 



3. Cauline leaves mostly petioled and like the radical 3-5-nerved; the veinlets reticulated: heads 

 large and showy: the soon drooping light yellow rays 1 or 2 inches long, and the hemispherical 

 at length s-omewhat conical receptacle becoming three fourths of an inch high : involucre rather 

 small: akeiies somewhat compressed: pappus a conspicuous cup-shaped irregularly dentate or 

 crenate crown : stem 2 or 3 feet high, usually simple, and head long-peduncled. 



R. alismsefolia, TORR. & GRAY. Glabrous or minutely scabrous : leaves oval, obtuse or 

 sometimes acute, obscurely repand-dentate or entire, 3 to 6 inches long, abruptly contracted 

 into the petiole: rays 10 to 15. Fl. ii. 310. Plains and open pine woods, S. Arkansas, 

 W. Louisiana, and adjacent Texas, Leavenworth, Hale, Drummond. 



R. grandiflora, C. C. GMELIN'. Hispidulous and scabrous throughout: leaves more rigid, 

 ovate to oval-lanceolate or uppermost lanceolate, commonly acute or acuminate at both ends, 

 sparingly serrate or denticulate, 4 to 9 inches long: rays 20 or more. Hort. Had. Carlsr. 

 1811 ; DC. 1. c. 556 (with some erroneous characters as to chuff and pappus, taken from a 

 plant of R. hirta) ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Centrocarpha grandiflora, Don in Sweet. Brit. Fl. 



