Monotropa. ERICACEAE. 49 



P. andromedea, Nutt. A chestnut-colored or purplish herb, glandular and clammy- 

 pubescent : simple stem 1 to 3 feet high, bearing small and scattered lanceolate scales : 

 raceme long and many-flowered : pedicels slender, spreading, soon recurved : corolla white, 

 a quarter inch long, somewhat viscid. Gen. i. 38(3; Lindl. Coll. t. 5. Under pines and 

 oaks, N. W. New England, Canada, and Pennsylvania to Br. Columbia and California : 

 fl. summer. 



30. SARC6DES, Torr. SNOW-PLANT. (2a(ntoeidfa flesh-like or fleshy, 

 from the appearance of this singular plant.) Torr. Fl. Frem. in Smithson. Con- 

 trib. iii. 17, t. 10. A single species. 



S. sanguinea, Torr. Stout fleshy herb, a span to a foot high, of flesh-red color, 

 somewhat glandular-pubescent, thickly clothed and when young imbricated with the firm 

 fleshy scales : lower scales ovate ; upper narrower, more scattered, and above passing into 

 linear bracts of the thick spike or raceme which subtend and mostly exceed the reddish 

 flowers: pedicels erect, the upper ones very short: corolla glabrous, half inch long. PL 

 Frem. 1. c. ; Chatin, Anat. t. 55; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 607; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 462. 

 California, in coniferous woods of the Sierra Nevada, 49,000 feet, shooting up and flower- 

 ing soon after the snow melts away. 



31. SCHWEINiTZIA, Ell. SWEET PINE-SAP. (Named in honor of the 

 late Louis David von Schweinitz.) Flowers exhaling the odor of violets, produced 

 in spring. Anthers in the young flower-bud turned at right angles to the fila- 

 ment, so that apex and base are directed right and left; in anthesis becoming 

 vertical. A single species. 



S. odorata, Ell. Plant light brown, in tufts, 2 to 4 inches high, glabrous, beset with 

 thinnish ovate or oblong scales, and similar bracts, spicately several-flowered : spike nod- 

 ding in flower, erect in fruit : corolla flesh-color, a quarter inch long. Ell. in Nutt. Gen. 

 addend. & Sk. i. 478; Gray, Chloris, 15, t. 2. S. C'aroliniana, Don, Syst. iii. 867. Mono- 

 tropsis odorata, Schweinitz in Ell. I.e. Moist woods, Maryland (near Baltimore) to 

 North Carolina in and near the mountains, parasitic on the roots of herbs or on decaying 

 vegetable matter. 



32. MON6TROPA, L. INDIAN PIPE, PINE-SAP. (Movo^, one, and TQonog, 

 turn, the summit of the stem in flower turned to one side or drooping.) - - White, 

 tawny, or reddish scaly and fleshy herbs, a span or two high ; the clustered stems 

 rising (in summer) from a thick and matted mass of fibrous rootlets, one-several- 

 flowered ; the summit of the stern straightening in fruit. Comprises two very 

 distinct subgenera, in Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 607 restored as genera. 



1. EUMONOTROPA. (INDIAN PIPE.). Plant inodorous, 1-flowered : scales 

 passing into an imperfect or irregular calyx of 2 to 4 loose sepals or perhaps 

 bracts ; the lower ones rather distant from the flower : anthers opening at first by 

 2 transverse chinks, at length 2-valved ; the valves almost equal and equally 

 spreading : style short and thick : edge of the stigma naked. 



M. uniflora, L. Smooth plant a span or so high, waxy-white (blackish in drying), rarely 

 flesh-color: nodding flower two-thirds inch long: petals 5, rarely 6. Lam. 111. t. 352; 

 Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. iii. t. 86, f. 1 ; Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 85 ; Torr. Fl. N. Y. t. 71 ; Chatin, Anat. 

 t. 50. M. uniflora & M. Morisoniana, Michx. Fl. i. 266. M. Morisoni, Pers. (Moris. Hist, 

 iii. 502 (12), t. 16, f. 5; Pluk. Aim. t. 209, f. 2.) Damp woods, nearly throughout the 

 U. S., Brit. Amer., &c.. (Mex., Japan to India.) 



2. HYPOPITYS. (PINE-SAP.) Plant often violet-scented, commonly pubes- 

 cent, at least above, racemosely 3-several-flowered : terminal flower earliest and 

 usually 5-merous and the lateral 3-4-merous : sepals less bract-like, as many as 



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