Phlox. POLEMONIACEJE. 129 



Style one, 3-lobed or cleft ; the introrse stigmas (or lobes of the style stigmatic 

 down the inner face) slender. Hypogynous disk generally manifest. Almost 

 exclusively American, and remarkable among the hypogynous gamopetalous 

 orders for the 3-merous pistil, but in 2 or 3 species of Gilia 2-merous. The corolla 

 is not always perfectly regular, and the o stamens are very commonly unequal in 

 length or insertion. Cobcea, common in cultivation, is very exceptional in the 

 order, climbing by tendrils belonging to pinnate leaves, and its capsule septicidal. 

 Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 247 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 820. 



* Stamens unequally inserted on the tube of the corolla, not declined. 



1. PHLOX. Corolla strictly salverform, with slender tube and narrow orifice. Filaments 

 very short and unequally inserted : anthers mostly included. Ovules solitary or few in 

 each cell. Seed unaltered when wetted. Leaves opposite and entire. 



2. COLLOMIA. Corolla tubular-funnelform or salverform, with an open orifice, from 

 which the unequally inserted filaments commonly protrude. Ovules solitary or numerous. 

 Seed-coat developing mucilage and projecting uncoiling spiral threads (spmcles) when 

 wetted, except in one species. Leaves mostly alternate, and pinnately incised or divided. 



* * Stamens equally inserted in or below the throat or sinuses of the corolla. 



3. LCESELIA. Corolla tubular or funnelform, somewhat irregular, the limb being more 

 or less unequally cleft ; the naked filaments declined. Otherwise as Gilia. 



4. GILIA. Corolla from campanulate to funnelform and salverform, regular. Filaments 

 not declined, naked (rarely pubescent) at base. Ovules and seeds from solitary to numer- 

 ous. Leaves various. 



5. POLEMONIUM. Corolla from funnelform to nearly rotate, regular. Filaments more 

 or less declined and usually pilose-appcndaged at base, slender. Ovules and seeds few or 

 several in each cell. Calyx herbaceous, not scarious below the sinuses nor the lobes cos- 

 tate, accrescent. Leaves all alternate, pinnate or pinnately parted. 



1. PHLOX, L. (Ancient Greek name of Lychnis, from g^oi, flame.) N. 

 American herbs, or a few suffrutescent, chiefly perennials, many cultivated for 

 their ornamental blossoms. Cauline leaves sessile and opposite, or some of the 

 upper varying to alternate. Flowers cymose, showy, from blue-purple or lilac to 

 crimson and white ; the calyx narrow, and the corolla strongly convolute in the 

 bud. Most species with long filiform style about equalling or surpassing the 

 corolla-tube, but some with short included style, perhaps by dimorphism ; but 

 only in P. subulata have both forms been found in the same species. 



1. Perennial herbs of the Atlantic States, with flat (broad or narrow) leaves, 

 and solitary ovules. 



* Stem strictly erect (smooth or sometimes rough): cymules compact, numerous, in a pyramidal 

 or corymbose panicle or elongated thyrsus : pedicels very short: corolla with entire rounded lobes: 

 fl. summer. 



P. paniculata, L. Stem stout, 2 to 4 feet high : leaves oblong-lanceolate and ovate-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, tapering at base, or the uppermost more or less cordate : panicle ample, 

 pyramidal-corymbose : calyx-teeth subulate-setaceous : corolla pink-purple varying to 

 white. Spec. i. 151 ; Lam. 111. t. 103 ; Gray, 1. c. 240. P. undulata, Ait. Kew. i. 205. P. 

 cordata, Ell. ; Sweet, Brit, Fl. Card. ser. 2, t. 13. P. acuminata, Pursh ; Bot, Mag. t. 1880. 

 P. conjmbosa, Sweet, 1. c. t. 114. P. scabra, Sweet, Brit. Fl. Card. t. 248. P. Sickmanni, 

 Lehm. in Act. Nat. Cur. xiv. t. 46. P. dccussata, Hortul. (Some of the above smooth, 

 others rough or hairy forms.) Open woods, Penn. to Illinois, Louisiana, and Florida. 



P. maculata, L. Stem more slender, li to 2 feet high, commonly purple-spotted : 

 leaves very smooth, thickish ; the lower lanceolate and the upper nearly ovate-lanceolate 

 from a rounded or cordate base : panicle narrow and usually long : calyx-teeth triangular- 

 lanceolate, short: corolla pink-purple. Spec. i. 152; Lam. 111. t. 108; Jacq. Vind. t. 127. 

 P. pyramidal/s, Smith, Exot. ii. t. 87 ; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 233, with P. reflexa, Sweet, 1. c. 

 t. 232, & P. pendu/iflora, Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 46, robust cultivated forms. Rich 

 woodlands and along streams, N. Penn. to Iowa and Florida. 



9 



