324 ACANTHACE.E. Elytraria. 



spike or a cluster of spikes : bracts ovate, cuspidate-acuminate : corolla white (3 or 4 lines 

 long): seeds nearly smooth and even. Fl. i. 9, t. 1 ; Vahl, 1. c. ; not " E. Vahlianu," as 

 says Nees in DC. Prodr. xi. 63. Anonymos Carolinensis, Walt. Car. 69. Tubiflora Caroli- 

 nensis, Gmel. Syst. E. cupressina, Nees, 1. c. 65, if N. Amer. ? Low grounds, S. Carolina 

 to Florida : fl. summer. 



E. tridentata, Vahl, 1. c. Acaulescent or with proliferous low stems: leaves lanceolate 

 or oblong, 2 or 3 inches long, clustered, as are the hardly longer peduncles or scapes, either 

 at the root or at the summit of naked stems : spikes slender: bracts ovate, mostly scarious- 

 margineil; the upper commonly tricuspidate or aristate : corolla purple. Griseb. Fl. W. 

 Ind. 451 ; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 122. E. ramosa, frondosa, fasciculata, &c., HBK. ; Nees, 



1. c. Arizona and New Mexico, along the Mexican border. (Mex. to W. Ind. & S. Brazil.) 



2. HYG-ROPHILiA, R. Br. (From 'vj'po^, moist, and cfdi'a, affection ; 

 plants which affect wet places.) A large tropical genus, of which a single species 

 reaches the southernmost Atlantic States. 



H. lacustris, Nees. Nearly glabrous : stem simple, 2 or 3 feet high from a creeping 

 base: leaves lanceolate, sessile, entire (about 4 inches long), scabrous-ciliolate : flowers 

 small, white : calyx-lobes and bracts subulate-lanceolate : anthers of the shorter stamens 

 smaller. DC. Prodr. xi. 80. Rm-lUa lacustris, Schlecht. in Linn. v. 96. R. justicicsflora, 

 Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 170. Swamps, Texas and Louisiana, Dnunmond, Riddell, Lind- 

 heuner, &c. W. Florida, Saunnan. (Mex.) 



3. CAL6PHANES, Don. (Ka).o^ beautiful, and qpawo, to appear.) 

 Low perennials, branched from the base, pubescent or hirsute, usually with pro- 

 portionally large or showy axillary flowers, either solitary or usually clustered 

 and nearly sessile ; the corolla blue or purplish, rarely white ; its tube not longer 

 than the calyx. Seeds as in Ruellia, or the hairs nearly destitute of rings or 

 spiral fibres. Fl. summer. 



* Eastern-Atlantic species: calyx deeply 5-parted : stems from slender creeping base or rootstocks: 

 flowers solitary or few in the axils. 



C. humistrata, Nees. Glabrous or almost so throughout, no hirsute hairs : stems weak, 

 erect or decumbent from the creeping base: leaves thinnish, oblong-obovate or the upper- 

 most oblong, narrowed at base into a petiole (6 to 18 lines long) : corolla white, barely half 

 incli long, seldom longer than the obovate or oblong foliaceous bractlets ; the tube very 

 short : sepals setaceous-aristiform from an oblong-lanceolate base, little shorter than the 

 corolla: anther-cells oblong, barely mucronulate. DC. Prodr. xi. 108. Rttellia humistrata, 

 Michx. Fl. ii. 23. Dipteracanthus ( Calophanes) riparius, Chapm. Fl. 303, a luxuriant form. 

 Low grounds, S. Georgia and Florida. 



C. oblongifolia, Don. Pubescent or soft-hirsute, sometimes glabrate : stems usually 

 erect and simple, a span to a foot high : leaves from narrowly oblong to oval, very obtuse, 

 sessile (an inch or less long) : corolla blue, sometimes purple-dotted or mottled, seldom an 

 inch loner, twice the length of the narrowly oblong bractlets ; the tube shorter than the 

 ample throat : sepals distinct almost to the very base, filiform-setaceous, hirsute, more than 

 half the length of the corolla : anther-cells oblong-linear, aristulate. Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 



2, t. 181; Nees, 1. c. (Tlitellin bifloru, L. Spec. ii. 635, may be this, but it rests on a mere 

 mention by Dillenius, without character.) Ruellia oblongifolia, Michx. Fl. ii. 23; Pursh, Fl. 

 ii. 420. Dipteraciinthns litlinis, Nees in Linn. xvi. 294. D. oblor/ifo!iiis, Chapm. 1. c. Sandy 

 pine barrens, S. Virginia to Florida. An almost glabrous large form in Florida. 



Var. angUSta. A reduced form, a span or so high, nearly glabrous, very leafy : 

 leaves and flowers only half inch long, most of the former oblong-linear. Dipteracanthus 

 linearis, Chapm. 1. c. S. Florida; Key West and Biscayan Bay, Blodgett, Palmer. 



* * Texano-Arizonian species : calyx 5-cleft. 



C. linearis. Hirsute with somewhat rigid and short hairs, or glabrate, not cinereous: 

 stems erect and strict (a span to a foot high), or branched and diffuse : leaves from linear- 

 oblanceolate to oblong-spatulate (9 to 20 lines long), rather rigid : flowers usually foliose- 

 glomerate : bracts and bractlets similar to and equalling the subtending leaves and about 





