COMPOSITE. 55 



yellow, wanting only in certain species (much reduced and inconspicuous in a Bection 

 of Erigeron and one of Aster). Receptacle- naked (not paleaceous), \\ ith an occasional 

 exception. 



* Pappus of both disk and ray none or coronifonn. 

 -(- Involucre broad, many-flowered: rays numerous, fertile, conspicuous. 



35. BELLIS. Bracts of the involucre nearly equal in length, In T\W> mis or somewhat 

 membranaceous. Receptacle conical or hemispherical. Style-branches tipped with a short 

 triangular appendage. Akenes obovate and compressed, nerveless excepl at the matins. 

 Pappus none. 



36. APHANOSTEPHUS. Bracts of the involucre imbricated in few series, broadly 

 lanceolate, somewhat herbaceous with scnrious apex and margins, the- outer shorter. IJecep- 

 tacle conical or hemispherical. Style-branches with a very short, and obtuse append; 

 Akenes prismatic or terete, truncate: the broad apex bordered with a short coronil'orin and 

 either dentate or entire and minutely setulose-ciliate pappus. Base of corolla-tube often 

 skirrous-thickened in age. 



37. GREENELLA. Bracts of the involucre imbricated in a few series, the outer shorter, 

 all oblong, coriaceo-chartaceous, with scarions margins and an herbaceous dorsal tip. Re- 

 ceptacle flat, barely convex. Style-branches with a linear rather <>btn>e appendage, which 

 is four times the length of the quadrate stiginatiferous portion and much exserted. Akenes 

 short, somewhat turbinate, obscurely 8-nerved, hispidulons. Pappus a liyaliiie-seurious 

 crown cleft into numerous setuke or denticulations. 



-i -i Involucre narrower and flowers less numerous. 



38. KEERLIA. Involucre narrowly campauulate or turbinnte ; its bracts imbricated in 

 few series, of unequal length, oblong, smooth, thin-membranaceous wilh scarious margins, 

 mostly setaceously mucrouate. Receptacle small and Hat. Rays 5 to 15, with oblong ligule 

 on a slender tube. Style-appendages either short and obtuse or long and slender. Akenes 

 obovate and compressed or subclavate, 2-3-nerved, and with very small epir\nous disk; 

 those of the disk-flowers mostly sterile. Pappus minute and coroniform or evancM-cut from 

 the mature akcues. 



* * Pappus of solitary or few setiform awns or bristles and of a few palc.-i- or a crown: 

 rays conspicuous, fertile: akenes without wings or callous margins: receptacle flat or 

 nearly so. 



39. CH^ETOPAPPA. Involucre several-many-flowered, canipanulate or narrower; its 

 bracts oblong or lanceolate, thin-herbaceous, with scarious margins and lip, imbricated in 

 two or more ranks, the outer shorter. Rays 5 to 20; the ligule oblong, raised on a slender 

 tube. Disk-flowers often sterile : their style-appendages short. Akenes either fusiform or 

 compressed, 2-5-nerved. Pappus of five or fewer thin and nerveless short p >!e;e, alter- 

 nating with as many or fewer mostly long and setiform scabrous awns, or the latter some- 



times wanting. 



40. MONOPTILON. Involucre many-flowered, broad; its numerous bracts equal and 

 almost in a single series, narrowly linear, somewhat herbaceous. Rays numerous : i he ligido 

 obovate or oblong and with a rather long tube : this and the tube of I he disk-corolla spai 

 villous. Style-appendages triangular and obtuse. Akeues oblong-obovate, compressed, one- 

 nerved at each margin, or the outermost also on one face. Pappus both in disk aid ra 

 short and cupuliform barely denticulate crown, and a single setiform awn which is l.;:r! elhite 

 or plumose toward the apex. 



* * * Pappus short-setulose or squamellate and mostly biaristate, i. e. a ring of vi rj ^liort 

 bristles or setiform squamclloj and a pair of naked upward-tapering :i\\ns, one over each 

 edge of the broad and flat winged or callous-margined akene : involucre many-tloueivd, 

 hemispherical or broader; the bracts somewhat, herbaceous and thin-margined: recep- 

 tacle strongly convex or low conical : rays conspicuous, fertile: their ukcm-s occasionally 

 3-winged. 



41. DICH^ETOPHORA. Involucre somewhat uniserial; the lanceolate bracts of equal 

 length. Style-appendages of the disk-flowers triangular-lanceolate. Akenes surrounded by 

 an almost orbicular firm wing, its edge and the body of the akcne glochidiate-hispil 

 Pappus of two divergent awns f bout half the length of the akene, and of several minute 



