COMPOSITE. 



or linear spreading lobes longer than the short-campanulate throat. Anther wholly 

 exserted, acutely and even caudately sagittate at base; the tips triangular-lanceolate 

 Style-branches flattish, the truncate and minutely penicillate tips terminated l,\ :i veT y 



e. Akenes terete, short, obscurely 5-nerved, IV<.m extremeh lonff- 

 villous to glabrate or even glabrous. Pappus of fine and soft minutelj scahrous capillary loier 

 bristles, white or whitish. 



1 H -H- Involucre of numerous or several connivent-erect herbaceous equal bracts (with 

 or without short accessory ones at base), many-flowered, or iu some species of < 'acalia of 

 few bracts and few-flowered : ours herbs, the flowers all fertile ; h,. :l d s idth.-r homo-amou.> 

 or heterogamous with ligulate rays. 



H- Pappus of comparatively few and unusually stout plumose bristles. (Transition to 

 HelcmoidecE.) 



190. RAILLARDELLA. Heads 15-many-flowered (fewer-flowered only in dcpaup< 

 plants), homogamous or heterogamous. Involucre cyliudraceous or camjiamilafr, a sii 

 series of linear equal bracts, their edges lightly connate below the middle, or not manifestly 

 overlapping. Receptacle flat. Bay-flowers (when present) with irregular and cuneat'.- 

 deeply 3-4-cleft fertile ligules. Disk-corollas with rather short proper tube. > longat d 

 narrow-funnelform throat, and 5 ovate obtuse naked teeth. Style-appendages Hattisli, his- 

 pidulous, tapering into lanceolate or cuspidate tips. Akenes linear, somewliai 

 obscurely several-nerved, pubescent. Pappus of 12 to 25 equal aristitorm but soi'i and 

 plumose bristles, nearly equalling the disk corollas 



H- -H- Pappus a single series of numerous rather rigid capillary bristles, from scabrous to 

 barbellate : leaves chiefly opposite. 



191. ARNICA. Heads many-flowered, conspicuously radiate, or the ravs rarelv wanting. 

 Involucre campanulate, not calyculate-bracteolate at base, of several thin-herbaceous oMonir- 

 lanceolate to linear equal bracts in a single or somewhat double series. Receptacle tlm. 

 sometimes fimbrillate or villous. Corollas of the disk-flowers with a commonly elonir.-it.-d 

 hirsute tube, a funnelform or cylindraceous throat, 5-lobed at summit. Style-bran 

 flattish, at least above, there hirsute, with obtuse or acute tips. Akenes linear, more or less 

 5-10-costate or angled. 



H- -M- -H- Pappus of soft-capillary and merely scabrous very numerous bristles- st-. le- 

 branches narrow, truncate or capitellate and often bearing a bearded ring at tip, which 

 sometimes is produced into a short central cusp or obscure cone : leaves in our genera 

 all alternate. 



192. SENECIO. Heads heterogamous and radiate, or by the absence of ray homogamous 

 and discoid, usually many-flowered. Corollas yellow, those of the disk 5-toothed. uccaMmi- 

 ally 5-lobed. 



193. CACALIA. Heads homogamous, the flowers all hermaphrodite, few or imnier.ni>,. 

 Corollas white, rarely flesh-colored, with 5-cleft or 5-parted limb, the lobes usually vith a 



midnerve. 



194. ERECHTITES. Heads heterogamous and discoid, many-flowered : numerous outer 

 flowers female; central ones hermaphrodite. Corollas all slender-tubular; those of the 

 female flowers filiform and with usually slightly dilated and 2-4-t.oojh.-d summit ; of the 

 hermaphrodite flowers with long filiform tube and short cyatbiform 4-5-lohed limb Kecep- 

 tacle flat, naked. Bristles of the pappus very soft and fine, elongated. Flowers whitish m- 

 yellowish. 



TRIBE IX. CYNAROIDE.E, Heads homogamous and tubiflorous, the flowers all her- 

 maphrodite and with equally or sometimes rather unequally 5-i left corollas, ihe I, lies 

 long and narrow; or sometimes radiatifonn (falsely radiate) and heterogamous i.y 

 enlargement of limb of corollas of marginal flowers, winch are commonly neutral. 

 Involucre much imbricated. Receptacle mostly Hal, or convex, often liinbrillatc or 

 densely setose. Anthers with tails at base, and commonly with elongated and con- 

 nate cartilaginous apical appendages, their tips distinct. Style-branches destitute of 

 appendage, short, sometimes distinct or partly so, more commonly united up to the 

 simply obtuse tips, not hirsute or hispid, but sometimes an. hispidulous or pube-cent 



6 



