160 COMPOSITE. Solidago. 



narrowed base: cyme fastigrate : heads pedicellate, small (3 lines long), narrow, 16-24- 

 floweretl : bracts of the involucre narrower: rays 6 to 9, small: akenes slightly 5-uerved. 

 Svnop. 57; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Low prairies or meadows, W. New York to Ohio and 

 Indiana; first coll. by Riddtll. 



4 -1 Leaves somewhat conduplicate; lower slightly triplinerved. 



S. Riddellii, FRANK. Glabrous and smooth, or the inflorescence puberuleut : stem a foot 

 or two high, very leafy: leaves elongated-lanceolate, entire; radical 8 to 12 inches long, 

 attenuate at both ends ; cauliue rather long, erect at the base which nearly sheathes the 

 stem, partly condnplicate above, and the upper part falcately arcuate : heads densely cymose, 

 3 or 4 lines long. 20-30-flowered : rays 7 to 9, small and narrow: akenes faintly 5-nerved. 

 lliddell, Synops. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 210. i'. amplexicaulis, Martens in Bull. Acad. 

 Brnx. viii. (1841) 08. Wet prairies, Ohio (first coll. by Riddell] to Iowa and Missouri. 

 (Also Fort Monroe, Virginia, Vasey and Clii<:l;crin<j, these adventive ?) 



S. Houghtoni, TORK. & GRAY. Stem slender, 10 to 20 inches high : leaves indistinctly 

 nerved, rather rigid, scattered (3 or 4 inches long, 2 to 4 lines wide) : heads rather few in a 

 corymbiform cyme, 20-30-flowered : rays 7 to 10, rather large: bracts of the involucre 

 oblong-linear: akeues 4-5-uerved. Gray, Man. ed. 1, 211, ed. 5, 242. Swamps, north 

 shore of L. Michigan, Houghton. Genessee Co., New York, Paine. Flowering early. 



) -* -i Leaves flat, smooth, and glabrous, linear or linear-lanceolate, entire, more or less tripli- 

 nerved or JJ-nerved, or nervose: heads only 3 or 4 lines long. 



S. nitida, TORR. & GRAY. Stem 2 or 3 feet high, very smooth except the summit and inflo- 

 rescence, which are minutely hirsute : leaves coriaceous and rigid, evidently uervose, punc- 

 tate (the larger 4 to 6 inches long, 3 t9 5 lines wide) : heads numerous in the corymbiform 

 cyme, about 14-flowered : rays 2 or 3, large : bracts of the involucre narrowly oblong : akeues 

 10-nerved. Fl. ii. 210. Dry pine woods and barrens, W. Louisiana and Texas; first coll. 

 by Drummond and Leavenworth. 



S. pumila, TORR. & GRAY. Dwarf, a span or more high, many-stemmed from a woody 

 branching and cespitose caudex, glabrous throughout, punctate, somewhat resinous: leaves 

 rigid, 3-nerved, acute; radical 2 or 3 inches long: cyme glomerate-fast igiate : heads nar- 

 rowly oblong, 5-8-flowered : rays 1 to 3, short: involucral bracts rigid, somewhat carinate, 

 and with small green (sometimes mucronulate) tips: mature akenes flattish and uiiusuallv 

 broad, rather longer than the rigid pappus : akenes 5-uerved. Fl. ii. 210. Chrysoma pumila, 

 Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 325. Rocky dry places, N. W. Texas to S. W. Utah, 

 Nevada, and Idaho, mostly in the mouutaius; first coll. by Nuttall. 



2. EUTIIAMIA, Nutt. Receptacle of the flowers fimbrillate or the alveoli 

 pilose: rays very small, almost always more numerous than the disk-flowers and 

 never surpassing them in height : heads glomerately and fasciculately cymose, 

 small : leaves very numerous, all linear, entire, 1-5-nerved, somewhat punctate, 

 sessile: akenes vUlous-pubescent, short and turbinate: filiform rootstocks exten- 

 sively creeping. --Euthami a, Cass. Diet, xxxvii. 471; Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. 

 Soc., 1. c. 



* Taller and panieidately branched Pacific species. 



S. OCCidentalis, NI-TT. Stems 2 to 6 feet high; the branches terminated by small clus- 

 ters of mostly pedicellate heads: leaves usually 3-nerved, glabrous and smooth even on the 

 midrib, and margins obscurely scabrous : bracts of the involucre rather narrow : rays 16 to 

 20: disk-flowers 8 to 14. Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 226; Eaton in Bot. King Exp. 156. S. lan- 

 ceo/d/ii, Chain. & Schleclit. in Linn. vi. 502; Hook. Fl. ii. 6, partly. Euthamia occidentalis, 

 Nuit. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. ser. vii. 326. Aplopappiis bacchnroides, Benth. Bot. 

 Su][ib. 24. Moist ground, British Columbia to S. California, extending eastward to New 

 Mexico, Colorado, and Montana. Long rootstocks tuberous-thickened at the extremity. 



* * Comparatively low, a foot or ;it most a yard high, cymosely much branched above and flat- 

 topped: heads mostly glomerate-sessile: Atlantic species. 



S. lanceolata, L. Leaves lanceolate-linear, distinctly 3-nerved and the larger with an 

 additional outer pair of more delicate nerves, minutely scabrous-pubescent on the nerves 



