Toumsendia. COMPOSITE. 167 



purple to white ; fl. from early spring to summer. Akene commonly beset with 

 bristly " duplex " hairs, having a forked or glochidiate-capitellate apex. Involu- 

 cral bracts mostly ciliate. --F1. ii. 16, t. Ill) ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 185; Gray, 

 Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 82. For structure of the achenial hairs, see Macloskie in 

 Proc. Am. Nat. xvii. 31, xviii. 1102. 



* Bracts of the involucre conspicuously attenuate-acuminate: head large; the involucre half-inch 

 or more high, and rays half-inch long: fl. summer. 



H Caulescent biennials or annual?, somewhat hirsute-pubescent, but the foliage at length glabrate: 

 involucre naked; its bracts from lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate: rays showy, bright blue or 

 violet. (I'appus of the first species anomalous!) 



T. eximia, GRAY. Stems erect, simple in- sparingly branching, 6 to 14 indies high : leaves 

 spatulate or the upper lanceolate : head sparingly leafy-bracted or naked at base : involucral 

 bracts ovate-lanceolate and somewhat rigidly cuspidate-acuminate, whitish-scarious with 

 green centre: akenes broadly obovate, almost cartilaginous, glabrate (sprinkled with a few 

 short and obscure glochidiate-tipped hairs) : pappus wholly persistent, of 2 subulate at length 

 corneous stout awns which are rather shorter than the akene (sometimes wanting in the ray), 

 and a circle of rigid squamellse which are mostly corouiform-concreted at base and rigid in 

 age. PI. Fendl. 70; Pacif. K. K. Exp. iv. 98; Proc. Am. Acad. 1. c. 83. Mountain sides, 

 New Mexico and adjacent part of Colorado, Fendhr, Biijflt.ni:, &c. 



T. grandiflora, NUTT. Stems spreading from the base, sometimes divergently branched 

 above, a span or two high : upper leaves often linear, 2 or more uppermost subtending the 

 head . involucre nearly of the preceding : akenes narrowly obovate, sprinkled with glochidi- 

 ate-capitellate hairs : pappus in the ray reduced to a crown of short squamellje, in the man- 

 ner of the genus, and of the disk plurisetose and longer than the akeue. Trans. Am. Phil. 

 Soc. n. ser. vii. 306 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Plains and hills, Wyoming and W. Nebraska to 

 the borders of New Mexico ; first coll. by James and NitttalL 



T. Parryi, EATON. Stems erect, simple, stout, naked and pedunculiform above, 2 to G inches 

 high (the taller forms sometimes branching) : leaves mostly spatulate : bracts of the very broad 

 involucre lanceolate, thinner, with softer and less attenuate tips, or the outer barely acuminate : 

 akeucs narrowly obovate, canesceutly pubescent, the hairs acute and simple or many of them 

 1-2-deutate at tip : pappus of the ray plurisetose like that of the disk, or somewhat more 

 scanty, rays "blue" or violet. Am. Naturalist, viii. 212; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 1. c. 

 Wyoming, Montana, and E. Idaho, J/<u/ii< n, Parni, &c. 



Var. alpina, GRAY, 1. c. A dwarf and alpine form, more pubescent and cinereous : 

 leaves very small, at most half-inch long : flowering stem about the same length or hardly 

 any- involucral bracts less pointed : " rays pink."- -Wyoming on the high divide between 

 Stinking Water and the Yellowstone (confounded with T. sputhulata), Parry. 

 4 -i- Depressed-stemless and monocephalous perennial. 



T. COndensata, PARRY. Very lanuginous with long and soft arachnoid hairs, the spatu- 

 late obovate leaves (with blade 2 or 3 lines long and tapering into a very much longer petiole) 

 rosulate-crowded around the large and broad sessile head, the whole forming a globular or 

 hemispherical woolly tuft, an inch and a half high and surmounting a slender stolon ifurin 

 caiulex: bracts of the involucre linear and soft, with a weak attenuate apex, all ncarly 

 equal in length : rays 100 or more, narrow : disk-flowers also very numerous pappus of ray 

 and disk similarly and slenderly plurisetose and long. Am. Nat. viii. 213 (description by 

 Eaton). Wyoming, on a high alpine peak of the Owl Creek range, July, .7. D. Putnam. 



* * llracts of the involucre not prominently if all acuminate: heads mostly smaller or narrower: 

 pappus of the disk and often of the ray plurisetose. 



-1- Hairs on the akene mostly copious and slender, some simple, others bifid or bi- (rarely tri-) 

 dentate at the apex, the teeth or lobes ascending or nvrely spreading and usually acute: heads 

 middle-sized, more or less naked-pedunculate: the pink or rarely white rays and the involucre 

 each from a third to barely half an inch long: bracts of the latter few-ranked : annuals or bi- 

 ennials. (The most western species in range.) 



w- Pappus of the ray like that of the disk, but somewhat shorter. 



T. florifer, GRAY. A span or more high, cinereous-hirsute : stems rather slender from an 

 annual root, leafy . leaves linear or the lowest lanceolate-spatulate, acute, mostly apiculate- 



