174 COMPOSITE. Aster. 



Fl. ii. 502; Chapm. Fl. 199. Prionopsis? Chapmanil, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 245. Low pine 

 barrens on the coast, Florida, Chapman, Rugel, Mohr. 



A. spinulosus, CHAPM. Stem bearing few or several spicatcly disposed smaller heads : 

 leaves narrowly linear, attenuate (half to 2 lines wide) ; the lower and radical 6 to 12 inches 

 long, upper gradually reduced to setaceous-subulate appressed bracts ; the margins merely 

 spinulose-denticulate or mostly entire: involucre campanulate, its bracts mostly subulate 

 l'r<>;n a broad base: rays half-inch long, pale violet. Fl. 199. Damp pine barrens, W. 

 Florida near the coast, Clitijmtun. 



# * Leaves all entire, thickish: pubescence if any short and scabrous : flowering in autumn. 



A. paludosus, AIT. Stems sometimes brandling, a foot high, bearing few or several often 

 racemosely or spicately disposed heads (of half-inch height): leaves from broadly to nar- 

 rowly linear ( 1 to 4 lines wide, 2 to 4 inches long) .- involucre nearly hemispherical ; its 

 bracts more unequal, the outer lanceolate-subulate and lax, inner liuear-spatulate with her- 

 baceous merely acute tips: rays rather short, deep violet Ilort. Kew iii. 201 ; Ell. Sk. ii. 

 343; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 109; Chapm. 1. c. A. grandifloms, Nutt. Gen. ii. 156, not L. 

 7'n/ioinim i>ulndnsiim, Xees, Ast. 155. II< '< n.^niui paludosum, DC. Prodr. v. 264. Wet 

 pine barrens in the low country, X. Carolina to Texas, Arkansas, and Missouri. 



4. HESPERisTRor. Heads with neutral rays : bracts of the campanulate 

 involucre well imbricated and unequal, the outer with short herbaceous spread- 

 ing tips- style-appendages slender-subulate: akenes narrow, hardly at all com- 

 pressed, 5-nerved and with intermediate stria? : pappus simple and soft. Gray, 

 Bot. Calif, i. 323, & Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 97. (Resembling on the one hand 

 $ Mackaeranthera, and Gorethrogyne on the other.) 



A. Shastensis, GRAY, 1. c. A span or two high, in small tufts from a perennial root, 

 paniculately branched, slender, canesceutly puberuleut: leaves entire, an inch or less long, 

 lower spatulate ; uppermost linear and reduced to subulate bracts: heads rather numerous, 

 scattered: involucre (nearly half -inch high) somewhat viscid-glandular; its bracts lanceolate 

 or linear, mostly with acute and spreading green tips: rays 12 to 20, violet, 3 to 5 lines long, 

 occasionally (var. eradiatus) wanting. Machceranthera (Hesperastrum) Shastensis, Gray, 

 1'n ic Am. Acad. vi. 539 California : on Mount Shasta, above and below the limit of trees, 

 first coll. by Bren-ci; and on Lasseii's Peak, Mrs. Austin. The rayless state on Scott Mouii 

 tains at 9,000 feet, Greene. 



5. BIOTIA. Heads (small or middle-sized) corymbosely cymose : bracts of 

 the campanulate well-imbricated involucre subcoriaceous and wholly appressed, 

 obtuse and merely greenish or thickish but not spreading at the tip (transition to 

 Orthomeris, but passing into the succeeding subsection) : outer successively 

 shorter: rays not numerous (6 to 18), white or purplish-tinged: style-appendages 

 subulate-lanceolate : akenes 3-several-ribbed or nerved, hardly or moderately 

 compressed, mostly linear : pappus slightly rigid, simple : radical and lower 

 raulinc leaves cordate, on long naked petioles, ample, conspicuously serrate and 

 acuminate : fl. midsummer and early autumn. (Other Asters with cordate peti- 

 olate leaves are only the Heterophylli.} - - Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 104. Biotia, 

 DC. Prodr. v. 204.' 



A. COrymbosus, AIT. Stem slender, 2 feet high, sometimes flexuous, terete: leaves 

 membranaceons, much longer than wide, gradually or very prominently acuminate and 

 aciiuiinately serrate ; involucre only one-fourth inch high, little surpassing the rather broadly 

 compressed lu-iti.nn akenes: rays 6 to 9, white. Kew. iii. 207; Willd. Spec. iii. 2036; 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c. .1. divaricatus, L. Spec. ii. 873, as to herb., excl. syn. Gronov. & Pluk. 

 (which rrlaii. to . I. /nfirmus), and cordate leaves not described; name to subside. A. cordi- 

 folina, Michx. Fl. ii. 114, .in part. Eurybia corymbosa, Cass. Diet, xxxvii. 487; Nees, Ast. 

 143; Lindl. Bot. Keg. t. 1532. Biotia corymbosa, DC. 1. c. 265 Woodlands, Canada to 

 upper part of Georgia. 



