208 COMPOSITE. Erigeron. 



that of E. uniflonts, and involucre similar, but densely soft-lanate : rays rather broader, 3 

 lines long, white. Fl. ii. 17, t. 121 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 168. E. grandiflorus,vax. lanutus, 

 Gray, Pro'c. Am. Acad. xvi. 92. Aster gladalis, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 503, not Nutt. Alpine 

 summits of the Rocky Mountains in Montana and Brit. America, Dnimmotid, Fremont, 

 Bourgeau, and of the "Cascades, Lyall. (Ly all's plant may have ycUowish rays, and pass 

 into A/>lopappiis Brunili <!<!.) 



E. grandiflorus, HOOK. Stems a span or two high, rather stout, usually several-leaved 

 and monocephalous : radical leaves obovate-spatulate, an inch or so long; cauliue oblong to 

 lanceolate, usually half-inch or less long: heads larger: involucre half-inch high, very 

 woolly ; its linear and attenuate-acuminate bracts squarrose-spreadiiig or the tips recurved : 

 rays violet or purple, a third to halt' inch long. Fl. ii. 18, t. 123 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Eaton, 

 Bot. King Kxp. 184 (a somewhat abnormal form, in the Uinta Mts.) Rocky Mountains, in 

 or near the alpine region, from British Columbia (Drnminuiid) to Colorado, where it some- 

 times has fewer and linear cauliue leaves, and approaches E. uniflorus. 



Var. elatior, GRAY. A foot or two high, leafy up to the 1 to 4 pedunculate heads, 

 pubescent, but hardly hirsute: leaves oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 4 inches long; cauliue 

 closely sessile by a broad base : involucre fully halt-inch high : rays half-inch long. Am. 

 Jour. Sci. ser. 2, xxxiii. 237, & Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 92. Subalpiue and lower, in the 

 Rocky Mountains of Colorado ; first coll. by Parry. 



* * Submaritiine perennial: heads of the largest, the disk a full inch in diameter: involucre 

 rather loose, villous with long nmltiseptate hairs: rays about 100, rather broad, Aster-like: 

 pappus simple: leaves obovare or spatulate, ample, mostly entire, graveolent. Woodvillea, 

 DC., color of ray-flowers mistaken. 



E. glaUGUS, KER. A span to a foot high, viscidulous and more or less pubescent, producing 

 a tuft of radical leaves from a rather fleshy crown, and some ascending mouocephalous or 

 occasionally branching stems : leaves glaucescent or pale green, but hardly glaucous, some- 

 what succulent ; larger radical 3 or 4 inches long and an inch wide, rarely 2-3-toothed ; upper 

 cauline few and small: rays half-inch long, bright violet : akeues 4-nerved. Bot. Reg. t. 

 10; DC. Prodr. v. 284; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 172; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 330. E. maritii/mm & 

 E. hispidwn, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 310. E. squarrosus, Lincll. Bot. Reg. xxvii. 

 misc. 44? Astir Bonarifn^A, Sprr-ng. Syst. iii. 528. A. Californicus, Less, in Linn. vi. 121 ; 

 Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. 146 ; DC. 1. c. 228. Stenartis fjlnncn, Nees, Ast. 275. Woodvillea 

 calendulacea, DC. 1. c. 318. Along the Pacific coast, within the influence of salt water, 

 Oregon to S. California, flowering for most of the year ; probably first coll. by Menzies. 



# * * True perennials from rootstocks or a caudex, neither stoloniferous-surculose nor flagellif- 

 erous: involucre from hispid or villous to glabrous, but not lanate, in the first species loose 

 and spreading: all Western or Northern species. Part of Ph&nacti*, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. 

 Soc. vii. 310; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 280. 



I Comparatively tall and large, a foot or more high except in alpine or depauperate forms, leafy- 

 stemmed, trlabrous to soft-hirsute: leaves rather ample, entire or occasionally few-toothed: 

 heads pretty large, with usually very numerous rays: montane or alpestrine. 



H- Aster-like; the rays comparatively broad: involucre rather loose: heads solitary, or on larger 

 plants few and corymbosely disposed: pappus simple. 



E. salsuginosus, GRAY. Rootstocks short and thickish : stem commonly 12 to 20 inches 

 high, the summit or peduncles lanate-pnbescent or puberulent : no bristly or hirsute hairs : 

 leaves very smooth and glabrous or glabrate, bright green, thickish ; radical and lower 

 cauline leaves spatulate to nearly obovate, with base attenuate into a margined petiole; 

 upper cauline ovate-oblong to lanceolate, sessile, conspicuously mucronate or apiculate- 

 acumiiiate ; uppermost small and bract-like : bracts of the involucre loose or even spreading, 

 linear-subulate or attenuate, viscidulous, at most pubernlous (or at some northern stations 

 sometimes pubescent) : disk over half an inch in diameter : rays 50 to 70, purple or violet, 

 half-inch or more long. Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 93. Aster salsuginosus, Richards, in Frankl. 

 Journ. App. ed. 2, 32; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4942 ; DC. Prodr. v. 229 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 

 150. A. f'lin'uxrfiensis. Less, ex Bougard, Sitch. 148; DC. I.e. 228. Wet ground, Kot- 

 zebue Sound and Unalaska, and along the higher mountains southward to California, Utah, 

 and New Mexico ; first coll. by Richardson. 



Var. angustif olius, GRAY. A span to a foot high : radical and lower cauline leaves 

 from narrowly spatulate to lanceolate (only 3 or 4 lines broad), somewhat scabrous on mar 



