230 COMPOSITE. Evax. 



the five central hermaphrodite flowers shorter and broad, very woolly, involute 

 around the lower half of the flower ; all at length deciduous : hermaphrodite 

 flowers also fertile, with funnelforni 4-toothed corolla and linear-oblong obtuse 

 style-branches : receptacle hemispherical : akenes of both kinds of flowers very 

 smooth, obovate-oblong, obscurely obcompressed, the terminal areola larger and 

 more evident, at least in the perfect flowers: heads small, axillary. Calym- 

 mandra, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 262. 



E. Candida. A span or two high, slender, and with commonly simple branches, silvery 

 white throughout with appressed wool : heads usually few in a foliose-involucrate cluster 

 and sessile or nearly so in the axils of the spatulate or lanceolate leaves. Calymmandra 

 Candida, Torr. Gray, 1. c., Facif. R. Rep. ii. t. 2. Diajirna Candida, Benth. & Hook. 

 Gen. ii. 298. Alluvial or sandy ground, E. Texas, Drummond, Berlandier, Wriyht, c., and 

 in the northwestern part of the State, Pope. 



58. FILiAG-O, Tourn. (fihim, a thread, in allusion to the cottony wool.) 



Low annuals, mainly of the Old World, mostly erect and with the habit of the 

 preceding. Ours have no pappus to the outer flowers. DC. Prodr. vi. 247 ; 

 Benth. & Hook. Gen. 299. 



1. Receptacle subulate ; its pluriserial and well-imbricated bracts merely 

 concave, subtending the loose akenes. Gifola, Cass. 



P. GERMA::ICA, L. (COTTON-ROSE, HKRBA LMPIA of the old herbalists.) A span to a foot 

 high, erect, thickly beset with lanceolate commonly erect leaves, terminated by a capituli- 

 form globose glomerule of many heads, whence proceed a similar branch or branches, as if 

 proliferous: heads ovate-oblong; its bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. Fl. Dan. t. 2787. 

 Dry fields, New York to Virginia. (Nat. from Eu.) 



2. Receptacle somewhat obconical or convex ; its deeply concave or boat- 

 shaped fructiferous bracts rather few, more or less enclosing the somewhat oblique 

 akenes, loose or stellately spreading at maturity : glomerules smaller and looser. 



Oglifa, Cass. (The indigenous Pacific American species are peculiar, as con- 

 necting with Stylocline and Micropus.) 



F. Californica, NUTT. Erect, leafy throughout, a span or two high, with the habit of 

 F. un-ensis : heads ovate, somewhat angular : bracteate female flowers 8 to 10; their bracts 

 (or all but the innermost) broadly ovate and deeply boat-shaped, somewhat arcuate-iucurved, 

 very woolly, not herbaceous on the back, with a broadish and obtuse hyaline tip ; inner bracts 

 oblong, merely concave, nearly glabrous : akeues narrowly oblong, almost terete, minutely 

 and obscurely papillose-granular : pappus of the upper female and hermaphrodite flowers 

 copious, of the embraced akenes none. Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. 405, with var. 

 tomentosa. F. Californica & F. parvula, Torr. Gray, Fl. ii. 432. Gixijihalium Jilagmoides, 

 Hook. Arn. Bot. Beech. 359. Open ground throughout California and to S. Utah. 



F. depressa, GRAY. Diffusely branched from the root, depressed-spreading: internodes 

 all short, even the lower little longer than the glomerules of the oblong-ovate heads : brac- 

 teate female flowers 5 or G ; their bracts narrower and straighter, somewhat herbaceous 

 on the back : akenes obovate, smooth, sometimes the uppermost bracteate ones also with 

 pappus. Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 3. San Bernardino Co., S. California, in the desert at 

 Hot Springs, Parry, Parish. 



F. Arizonica, GRAY. Diffuse or at first erect, with widely spreading branches; the pro- 

 liferous ones of elongated filiform internodes, widely separating the glomerules: bracteate 

 female flowers 10 to 15; their bracts of firmer texture, ovate, open on the face: akenes 

 clavate-oblong and arcuate, very smooth. Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 052. Arizona to San 

 Diego Co., California, and Lower California, Smart, Parry, &c. 

 F. GALLICA, L., forming the section LOGFIA (Lngfia subulata, Cass.; characterized by the 



low and nearly plane receptacle, pentagonal-conical heads, about two-ranked female flowers, 





