Eudbeckia. COMPOSITE. 259 



95. RUDB^CKIA, L. CONEFLOAVER. (The two Professors Rudleck, 

 father and son, predecessors of Linnaeus at Upsal.)--N. American herbs, chit-fly 

 perennial ; with alternate leaves, either simple or compound, and commonly 

 showy pedunculate heads terminating stem and branches ; the rays yellow, rarely 

 with brown-purple base, in one species wholly crimson, the disk from fuscous to 

 purplish black. Fl. summer. Gfertn. Fr. t. 172. Rudbeclda & Dracopis, Cass. 

 1. c. ; DC. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 307, 316. 



1. EURUDBECKIA. Akenes prismatic-quadrangular, when laterally com- 

 pressed yet with a salient angle or rib on the lateral faces : bracts persisting on 

 the receptacle. Rudbeckia, Cass., &c. 



* Disk from hemispherical to globose or oblong-ovoid, dark-purple (at least, the corollas) or brown : 

 akenes (not rarely becoming somewhat curved) inserted by a central or slightly oblique basal 

 areolt. 



-) Leaves elongated-linear, as it were gramineous, but rigid, nervose, shining, entire : chaffy 

 bractsof the receptacle firm or rigid, carinate-concave, commonly niucnmate from the thick i.-li 

 obtuse summit, rather shorter than the subtended flowers: style-tips conical-capitate : disk dark 

 brown, globular, becoming ovoid in fruit : stems rush-like and striate, 2 feet or more high from 

 a perennial root, bearing solitary rather small heads on long naked peduncles: rays in one 

 species dark crimson! 



R. atrorubens, NUTT. Either glabrous or sparsely aiid minutely strigulose : stems rigid, 

 nearly simple, few-leaved : leaves rather obtuse, ofteu purplish ; radical and lowest cauliuo 

 often a foot long, a quarter to half an inch wide : involucre a few small subulate-linear 

 bracts : rafs 9 or more, oblong, half-inch long, dark crimson ; fructiferous disk two thirds of 

 an inch loig, its receptacle fusiform-conical ; its chaffy bracts thick and firm, oblong, tipped 

 with a sh<rt rigid mucro : akenes equably quadrangular, straight and with centrally basal 

 insertion, a line and a half long, inclusive of the short cupulate and obscurely 4-toothed 

 pappus. Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 80. Ecliinacea atrorubens, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Sue. 

 1. c. 354; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 30G (with var. graminifolia) ; Chapm. Fl. 226. Borders of 

 pine-barrer, ponds, Georgia and Florida, in the low country (also Arkansas, according to 

 Nuttall), Wray, Chapman, Mohr, &c. 



R. bupleuioides, SIIUTTL. Perfectly glabrous and smooth, divergently branching : leaves 

 pale green, attenuate-acute ; the larger 7 or 8 inches long, 2 or 3 lines wide : heads smaller ; 

 disk even vheii fructiferous hemispherical or globular : rays bright sulphur-yellow, over half- 

 inch long: chaffy bracts of the receptacle less rigid, obtuse with obscure or blunt imu-ro : 

 akeues sonewhat curved and with rather oblique insertion, 2 lines long, inclusive of the deep 

 cupuiate and irregularly dentate pappus. Coll. Rugel distrib. by Shuttleworth ; Chapm. 

 Fl. Suppl. 629. /?. Mohrii, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 217. W. Florida. Wet pine 

 barrens near St. Marks, Ruyel, 1843. Margin of the Dead Lakes, near lola, C. Mohr.- 

 Maks approach to R. nitlda, var. longifolia. 



-H- H- Leaves broad, various in form, thinnish, veiny : chaffy bracts of the receptacle merely 

 concave, thinnish, not rigid, acuminate into a slender almost awn-like cusp, about equalling the 

 flows; the whole disk black-purp'e : style-tips conical-capitate: root biennial. 



R. trilcba, L. Bright green, sparsely hirsute or hispidulous, or the freely branching si em 

 glahroU and smooth, 2 to 5 feet high: radical leaves commonly cordate, sleuder-petiolcd ; 

 caulin ovate-lanceolate or broader, with cuneate stibsessile base, coarsely serrate, acuminate, 

 or the ipper lanceolate and nearly entire, the lower divergently 3-lobed or 3-parted : heads 

 short-pduncled : involucre foliaceous, soon reflexed ; its bracts linear or mostly so, unequal, 

 nearly n a single series: rays 8 to 10, half-inch to inch long, deep yellow, sometimes parti- 

 colored the basal portion orange or even brown-purple: disk depressed-globular, becoming 

 ovoid a maturity (about half-inch in diameter), glabrous, the upper part of the cliafl'y 

 bracts ad the flowers dark purple : akenes equably quadrangular: pappus a minute crown 

 or bordt. Spec, ii. 907 (pi. Gronov., Pluk., &c.) ; Michx. Fl. ii. 144 (excl. var.) ; Boi. Keg. 

 t. 525 ; }art. Fl. Am. Sept. i. t. 24 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. R. triloba, mi/>ti>iin-nt<>na (as to herb. 

 & pi. Vig. ), & aristata, Pursh, Fl. 575. Peramibus hirtns, Raf. Ann. Nat. 14. < '< ntn'nr/>Ii<r 

 triloba (t least as to "paleis acuminato-aristatis," though the rest of the character refers io 



