200 COMPOSITE. Rudbeclda. 



R. subtomentosa) & C. aristata, Don in Sweet, Brit. Fl. Card. ser. 2, under t. 87. Dry or 

 moist ground, Peim. and Michigan to Illinois, and south to Georgia and Louisiana, but 

 mostly affecting the mountains. 



Var. rUDestris. Large ; cauline leaves often 4 or 5 inches long : rays 9 to 13, an iuch 

 to inch and a half long, pure orange-yellow to the base : in habit approaching R. subtomentosa. 

 R. rupestris, Chickeriug in Bot. Gazette, vi. 188. Rocky slopes of the Roan and other 

 mountains on the borders of N. Carolina and Tenu., Chickf-rimj, &c. 



Var. pinnatiloba, TORR. & GRAY, 1. c. A peculiar form, slender : leaves small ; many 

 of the radical and lowest cauline piunately 5-7-parted; upper ones seldom inch loi.g: heads 

 small, with rays at most half-inch and disk a quarter-inch long. W. Florida, Chapman. 



+- H H Leaves from lanceolate to ovate or broader: chaffy bracts of the receptacle pointless 

 (obtuse or rarely acute), linear, concave or carinate-canaliculate, somewhat shorter thin the disk- 

 flowers: akenes nearly equably quadrangular, or in a few species moderately compressed : invo- 

 lucre foliaceous and variable, soon reflexed: disk very obtuse, 

 w- Cauline leaves or some of them 3-cleft or parted: disk of the head dull brownish: -ays yellow, 



sometimes with dark base: root perennial: receptacle anisate-scented. 



R. subtomentosa, PUKSII. Cinereous with short and mostly soft pubescence, 2 to 5 feet 

 high, branching above, leafy ; leaves nearly all petioled, acutely serrate, veiny, ovate, or the 

 terminal lobe ovate and the lateral oblong or lanceolate : peduncles not mud. elongated : 

 rays numerous, becoming iuch and a half long : disk hemispherical, becoming higher, half- 

 inch broad ; its bracts cinereous-puberulent and somewhat glandular at the obtuse tips : 

 pappus a short crenately toothed crown. Fl. ii. 575; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. R triloba, var., 

 Michx. Fl. ii. 144. R. odorata, Nutt. Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 78. R. tomentost, Ell. Sk. ii. 

 453, as to syu. & char. Centrocarpha trilobti, Don in Sweet, 1. c., as to syn. aui part of the 

 char. Prairies and open moist grounds, Illinois to Arkansas and Texas. 



H- -H- Leaves undivided (rarely laciniate-dentate) : stems more simple 



= Style-tips slender-subulate: bracts of the receptacle hispid or hirsute at and neir the acutish 

 summit: akenes small, equably quadrangular, wholly destitute of pappus: annua's or biennials, 

 hispid with spreading bristly hairs. 



R. bicolor, NCTT. A foot or two high from an annual root, simple or bran-hing, slender 

 or not very stout : leaves from lanceolate to oblong or the lower obovate, mostly obtuse and 

 nearly entire, an inch or two long, indistinctly triplincrved, nearly all sessle : peduncles 

 rarely elongated : rays half-inch to barely inch long, either pure yellow, o- with brown 

 purple spots at base, or the lower half deep blackish-purple : disk black. Jour. Acad. Philad. 

 vii. 81 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Pine woods or sandy soil, Arkansas, Texas, and siaringly E. to 

 Georgia. Often confounded with small forms of the next, and with R.fulcjida. (Adj. Mex.) 



R. hirta, L. Stouter and larger, 1 to 3 feet high from a biennial or sometimes a,nnr.al root, 

 rough-hispid and hirsute : leaves from oblong to lanceolate, sparingly serrate o? nearly 

 entire, slightly triplinerved, 2 to 5 inches long, the lower narrowed into margined petioles: 

 rays when well developed an inch or two long, golden yellow, sometimes deepei colored 

 toward the base : disk at first nearly black, in age dull brown, becoming ovoid ir fruit. 

 Spec. ii. 907 (Dill. Elth. t. 218); Michx. Fl. ii. 143, mainly; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gad. t. 82; 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c., chiefly. R. gracilis (Herb. Banks.?), Nutt. Gen. ii. 178 '] a deiauperate 

 form. R. discolor, Ell.? not Pursh. R. serotina, Nutt. Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 8>, at least 

 the cult, plant described, fide herb. Acad. Philad. R. stru/osa, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 

 vii. 354, a hairy and short-rayed form. Dry and open ground, Saskatchewan aui W. Can- 

 ada to Florida, Texas, and Colorado : naturalized iu grass-fields in Eastern States : flowering 

 early as a biennial. 



= = Style-tips short and thickened, obtuse (in H. nwllis narrower and sometimes acitish): pap- 

 pus more or less manifest : perennials. 



a. Chaffy bracts of the receptacle obtuse and glabrous or nearly so, with blackish-purpi tips of the 

 same hue as the corollas, so that the hemispherical at length globose-ovoid disk is deep black- 

 purple: rays golden yellow, not rarely orange toward the base: akenes small, eaably quad- 

 rangular: pappus a very short commonly 4-toothed crown. 



R. fulgida, AIT. Hispid or hirsute, a foot or two high : leaves from narrow/ to oblong- 

 lanceolate, mostly entire, lowest and radical spatulate-lauceolate and tapering uto slender 

 petioles : foliaceous bracts of the involucre often ample and equalling or soruethes half the 



