Heliantlius. COMPOSITE. 275 



dijff'asus. H. scaberrimus, Ell. Sk. ii. 423. H. Missouriensis (Schweinitz) & //. crassifolius, 

 Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. Harpalium riyiditm, Cass. Diet. Sci. Nat. xx. 200 ; DC. 

 Prodr. v. 583, founded on the form with intermediate palea? to the pappus. Plains and 

 prairies, Saskatchewan and Michigan to W. Georgia, Texas, and eastern part of Colorado. 

 Sometimes the disk-corollas are at first yellow ! 



H- -H- Disk yellow. (Here the Californian //. yradltntus would be sought.) 



H. laetiflorus, PERS. Resembles tall forms of the preceding, similarly scabrous or hispid, 

 leafy: leaves commonly thinner, mostly oval-lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, 4 to 10 

 inches long, more or less serrate : heads usually several and rather short-pecluucled : disk 

 half-inch high: bracts of the involucre imbricated in only 2 or 3 series, from ovate- to 

 oblong-lanceolate, acuminate or attenuate-acute, hirsutely ciliate or ciliolate, occasionally a 

 little hirsute on the back: rays numerous, the larger inch and a half long. Syn. ii. 476; 

 DC. Prodr. v. 586, excl. syn. Ell. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. H. atrortibens, Lam. Diet. iii. 86, not 

 L. Prairies and barrens, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin. 



Var. tricuspis, TORR. & GRAY, 1. c. Leaves less serrate : chaff of receptacle more 

 commonly 3-toothed. //. tricuspis, Ell 8k. ii. 422. W. Georgia, ex Elliott. Needs confir- 

 mation. 



H. pumilus, NUTT. Hispid and scabrous throughout : stems simple, a foot or two high, 

 bearing 5 to 7 pairs of leaves and a few rather short-pednncled heads : leaves mostly ovate- 

 lanceolate, acute, entire or nearly so (!- to 4 inches long), rigid, abruptly contracted at base 

 into a short margined petiole: involucre less than half-inch high, white-hirsute or scabro- 

 hispidulous ; its bracts imbricated in about 3 series, oblong-lanceolate, acutish : rays about 

 inch long. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 366; Gray in Am. Jour. Sci. ser. 2, xxxiii. 239. 

 Eastern Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains of the Platte, &c., from Wyoming to Colorado, 

 Nuttall, Ha i/ den, Gci/er, Parr//, Hall & Harbour, &c. 



H. OCcidentalis, RIDDELL. Stem slender, 2 or 3 feet high, sometimes smooth and gla- 

 brous, usually leafy only at and near the base : radical and lowest cauliue leaves ovate to 

 lanceolate-oblong, entire or denticulate, contracted at base into long margined petioles, 

 minutely hirsute or hispidulous, moderately scabrous ; upper cauline a few remote pairs, sub- 

 sessile, lanceolate, and bract-like, of an inch or half-inch in length : heads few or sometimes 

 solitary, small : bracts of the involucre ovate to lanceolate, acute or acuminate, glabrous, or 

 the margins sometimes ciliate, sometimes naked : rays half-inch to nearly inch long : akenes 

 when young and at summit pubescent. Suppl. Cat. Ohio PI. (1836), 13; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 

 ii. 323. //. heteropfii/llus, Short, Cat. Kentucky PI. Suppl. 3 ; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 98, 

 partly, not Nutt. Prairies and oak barrens, in dry ground, Michigan to Kentucky and 

 Missouri. 



Var. plantagineus, TORR. & GRAY, 1. c. Minutely puberulent and slightly or not 

 at all scabrous : leaves rather more rigid : involucre obscurely ciliolate or naked. Texas, 

 Drnmmond, Lindheimer, Wright. (Adj. Mex.) 



Var. Dowellianus, TORR. & GRAY. Like the preceding, but leafy to the middle or 

 higher, the leaves larger and mostly ovate, and stem sometimes branching. El. ii. 504. 

 H. Dowelliamis, Curtis in Am. Jour. Sci. xliv. 82. Mountain region in the southwestern 

 part of North Carolina, Curtis, Buckley, &c. 



* * * Involucre looser and the bracts disposed to be more taper-pointed, or elongated, or foli- 

 aceous (closer and shorter in some species): disk except for the dark anthers yellow or 

 yellowish. 



-i Canescent or cinereous, at least the foliage, with soft and fine appressed (but not tomentose) 

 pubescence: leaves all opposite, sessile, merely serrulate : hearts middle-sized: bracts of the in- 

 volucre imbricated; their attenuate tips seldom or little surpassing the disk: Atlantic species. 



H. cinereus, TORR. & GRAY. A foot or two high, barely cinereous throughout with 

 minute and slightly scabrous appressed pubescence: stem simple, somewhat equably leafy, 

 bearing one or two slender-pedunculate small heads: leaves coriaceous, lanceolate-oblong, 

 acute ; lower (3 inches long) contracted into a rather long narrowed base ; uppermost (about 

 inch long) ovate-lanceolate with a broad sessile base: involucre half-inch high; its bracts 

 lanceolate-subulate, canescent : rays 10 or 12, two-thirds inch long. Fl. ii. 324, excl. var. 

 Texas, Drnmmond. Heads little larger than those of H. occidentulis, of which it may be a 

 hybridized offspring. 



