70 MALLOW FAMILY. 



* * Stem-leaves united into onf iisunlly rounded blade or cup underneath the tmall 



unil ii-hiiixlijloirers : fl. summer. 



C. perfoli&ta occurs in some iranlens, from Oregon and California ; small, 

 of no beauty ; root-leaves tuned, spatulate or lanceolate. 



22. MALVACE.2E, MALLOW FAMILY. 



Known by the monadelphous numerous stamens, their tube con- 

 nected with the base of the petals, kidney-shaped 1 -celled anthers 

 (Lessons, p. 102. tig. 298), the calyx valvate and the corolla con- 

 volute in the bud. Herbs or shrubs, with alternate palmately-veined 

 and dt'ieii lobed leaves, evident stipules, and regular flowers, the true 

 sepals and the petals 5. There is commonly an involucre of several 

 bracts, resembling an outer calyx. Seeds kidney-shaped: the leafy 

 cotyledons crumpled or doubled up, in some mucilaginous albumen. 

 Innocent plants, mucilaginous, with a very tough fibrous bark. 



1. Anthers alt borne in a cluster at the top of the short tube of filaments. 



Ovaries numerous and separate, crmrded in n ham!, in fruit becoming little I -seeded 

 in- al;< itt-s. liirohicrf conspicuous as a soi-t of outer calyx. Herbs. 



1. MALOI'K. Involucre of 3 ovate or heart-shaped leaves. Annuals. 



2. KITAIBKLI A. Involucre of 6 - 9 ovate ami pointed leaves united at the base. 



Perennial. 



* * Ovaries several or muni/ united in a ring around an axis, in fruit commonly 

 /'nlliin/ away separately, each l-seeded. Ours are alt herot. 



luiniiinj ilon-u the side of the slender xh/hs. 



3. ALTILEA. Involucre of G-9 bracts united at the base. Axis of the fruit not 



projecting nor enlarged. 



4. LAY A TF.KA. Involucre of 3 - 6 more united bracts. Axis of the fruit over- 



topping the carpels. 



6. MALVA. Involucre of only 3 separate bracts. Petals obcordate, otherwise 

 entire. Carpels beakless. 



6. CALLllIKHOK. Involucre of 1 - 3 bracts or none. Petals wedge-shaped and 



truncate, denticulate or cut-fringed at the end. Carpels with a sort of beak 

 at the summit. 



7. NAP.EA. Involucre none. Flowers dioecious ! 



i- *- Sliymas capitate, or truncate at the apex of Hie styles. 



8. ANODA. Involucre none. Fruit depressed, very flat and star-shaped, the 



sides of ihi! numerous carpels evanescent : >eed nearly horizontal. 



9. SI DA. Involucre none. Fruit separating into 5 or more closed carpels, or 



each 2-valved at the apex: seed hanging. 



# * * Ovaries and cells of the fruit 2 -several-seedi*/. 



10. AIHTII-ON'. Involucre none. Carpels each 3 - several-seeded. 



11. MODIOl,A. Involucre of :J bractU-ts. Carpels each 2-seeded, with a cross 



between the upper and lower seed. 



2. Anthers borne along the outside <>f the tube ofjilnmrnt*. Ovary md fruit B- 



s< feral-celled: stir/mas capitate, lurolncre pnmnt. Herbs, shrubs, or trees. 



* Involucre of several or many bracts. 



12. MALVA VISCUS. Branches of the style and stigmas 10, twice, as many as tho 



cells ot the ovary. Petals not separating and spreading. Fruit berry-like: 

 cells l-seeded. 



13. KOS I'Kl.Kl'/KYA. Branches of the style and stigmas 5. Pod 5-celled; the 



cells sjngle-^eede.d. 



14. HIBISCUS. Branches of the style or stigmas and cells of the ovary 6. Pod 



6-celled, loculicidal; the cells many-seeded. 



* * Involucre of 3 larne and heart-shaped leaf-like bracti. 



16. GOSSYPII'M. Styles united into one: stigmas 3 -5, as many as the cells of 

 the pod. Seeds numerous, bearing cotton. 



