128 KOSK FAMILY. 



15. CRAT.SJGUS, HAWTHORN", WIIITK 1 HORN. (Olrl Greek 

 name.) Small trees or -hrubs, with hard \vnoil; flowers white, except in 

 sonic varieties of Kngli.-h Hawthorn, in spring or early summer; ripening the 



reil or reddish t'rnit mostly in antiimn. 



1. Flowers many in the mri/mli, small, tn't/i 5 xti/li-s : fn/it t larger than sinn/l 

 peas, scarlet or rural-rl : leaves, .vr., swmil/i // mai-ly *i. 



C. Pyracantha, KVKI:<;I:KI:N THORN. Planted Cor ornament and spar- 

 ingly na't. from S. IVnn. S. (from S. Europe) : shruh 4 - 6, with the shining 

 evergreen leave- lance-s|iatnlate and erennlatc, only 1' long, and .-mall cluster-, 

 of (lowers terminating short brandies. 



C. spathulata. Tall shruh or low tree, from Virginia S., with almost 

 evergreen .-Inning spatulate leaves, eremite towards the apex, or on vigorous 

 shoots eut-lohed, and with hardly any petiole. 



C. cordata, WASHINGTON T. " Small tree, from Virg. and Kentucky S.. 

 and has heen planted for hedges ; has broadly triangular-ovate or heart-shaped 

 thmnish leaves, often .'! - 5-eleft or cut and serrate, on slender petiole. 



2. Flom rx imniij in the con/nil), mid<ll< -s/:l : fruit coral-red, ovoid, rather small. 



C. arborescens. River-banks far S. : tree with few stout thorns or none, 

 thin oblong serrate leaves acute at both ends, on slender petioles ; style- :>. 



C. Oxyacantha, ENGLISH HAWTHORN. Planted from En. for orna- 

 ment and hedges : tree or shrub with obovate smooth leaves wedge-shaped at 

 ha-e, cut-lobed and toothed above ; styles 2 or 3, rarely only 1. With single or 

 double, white, rose, or pink-red (lowers. 



C. apiifolia, PAUSU:V-I.KAVED T. Common S. Small tree soft-downy 

 when young; the leaves smoothish with age, piunatitid, the 5-7 lobes crowded, 

 cut and toothed ; petioles slender ; styles 1 -.'5. 



3. Flowers main/ in the corymb, larne ; the, calux-tefth iri/h the bracts and 

 s/iiiii/i. -in/tin inset iritli ii'ii ml*: fruit edible, naif an inch or more long, its 

 cells or stones ami // >//// rariable in nnmlii-r, 1-5. All tall shrubs or 

 low trees, of thickets mid rocky banks, or planted. 



C. coccinea, SCABLKT-FBUITED T. Smooth, with the leaves thin, round- 

 ish-ovate, shar|)Iy cut -toothed or lobed, on slender petioles, the coral or scarlet 

 fruit much smaller than in the next and hardlv eatable. 



C. tomentosa, PEAR or BLACK T. Downy or soft-hairy when young ; 

 the leaves thiekish, oval, ovate, or obovate, sharply toothed or cut, below ab- 

 ruptly narrowed into a margined petiole, the upper surface impressed along the 

 main veins or rib- ; Howers often 1' broad, and M-arlet or orange fruit from two 

 thirds to three fourths of an inch long, pleasant-tasted. Of many varieties: the 

 two which ditl'er mo-t from the common one with the well-flavored fruit are : 

 Var. rrxcT.VrA, with smaller and WCclgC-obovate leaves irregularly toothed 

 towards the summit, and dull red and yellowish fruit, sometimes white-dotted. 

 Var. MOI.I.IS, of the Western States, with rounded soft-downy leaves, not taper- 

 ing but sometimes even heart-shaped at base, sharply doubly toothed and cut ; 

 fruit dull red and le.-s pleasant-tasted. 



C. Crus-galli, COCKSITK T. Smooth; the wedge-obovate or oblanceo- 

 late leave* thick and linn, deep-green and glossy, serrate above the middle, ta- 

 jierinLr into a verv short petiole ; thorns \ ery long and sharp : fruit bright red. 

 The best species for hedges : has both narrow and broad lea\ed varieties. 



4. I-'/oircrs soli'turi/, in fmirs. or <i/i/ :? - <> in tin' cnri/mb ; xti/lrs, and ceils, 

 4-5: leans nms/li/ /mln ><< nt mnli nniit/i : fruit n/)> n <atable. 



C. aestivalis, SL-MMKK HAW of S. States. Along pine-barren ponds, 

 from S. Car. S. & W. : tree with spatulate or wedge-obovate coriaceous leaves, 

 erenate above the middle, no glands, 3 - 5-tlowered peduncles, and large red 

 juicy fruit, pleasantly aeid, used for tarts. &C. : ripe in summer. 



C. flava, YKI.I.OW or SIMMI.K II vw. Sand* soil, from Virginia S. : 

 small tree, with wedfe-obovare leaves downy or smoothi-h, toothed or cut above 

 the middle, the teeth or margins ami snort pet.oie gianuuiar ; the pear-shaped 

 or globular fruit yellowish, greenish, or tinged with red. 



