204 COMPOSITE FAMILY. 



If Disk dark purple, contrasting with the yellow rays. 



*- L/eaves long and limur, \-tnrr.il, m/i'r<, .sv. //<.- /i/nt/s small and 

 coryinliul : uiro/nrn- nf liflil\' sj>r<ntlii<g scales. 



H. angustifblius, of pine-barren-. from Xr\v Jersey S., has slender rough 

 stems 2 -0 high, lower leaves opposite and rough. 



II. orgyalis, of Kansas .-iiiil Arkansas, cult., has strnis (G-10 kiyh), and 

 crowded very narrow alternate leaves smooth : ll. late. 



+-+- Leaves oval r lanceolate, opposite : stems l-3 hinh, bmrinf/ solitary or 

 f>.w tong-peduiicled rather large In mix: i/u-olitcre of short dose scales 



1. heterophyllus, of lo\v pine-barrens S. ; rather hairy, with lowest 

 Iea\es oval or oblong, upper ones lance-linear anil tew; scales of involucre 

 lanceolate. 



H. rigidllS, of dry prairies AV. X: S. ; rou^h, with thick firm leaves lance- 

 oblong or the lower oval ; scales of the involucre ovate or oblong, blunt. 



* * Disk yellow as well as the rays, or hardly dingy-brownish. 



*- Scales oft/ii' iiirnfiicre short and /rnai//i/ lin<-i<>!att>, rei/it/ur/i/ imbricated, without 

 liai-lik<- t/j>$: tat fix nearly all opposite and nearly < nitre. 



H. OCCidentalis, of dry barrens from Ohio W. & S. : somewhat hairy, 



with slender simple stems i-3 hig : .i, M-nding of}' runners from base, naked 

 above, bearing 1-5 heads ; lowest leaves ovate or lance-ovate ; upper ones 

 narrow, small and distant. 



H. mollis, of >ame situations, is soft white-woo!!y all over, 2-4 hi-li, 

 leafy to the top, the lea\e> heart-ovate and partly clasping. 



*- - Scales of the involucre looser and leafy-tipped: stems leafy to the top. 

 >-* leaves chiefly alternate ami not triple-ribbed. 



H. gigant&US, common in low grounds X. : rou^h and rather hairy, 3- 

 10 high, with lanceolate serrate nearly sessile leaves, and pale yellow ra\ >. 



** - Leaves mainly opposite, except in the last, 3-riblted at base or triple-ribbt </. 



H. divaricatUS, common in dry sterile soil, has smooth stem l-3 hi-h, 

 vougli ovate-lanceolate h'axes tapering to a point and 3-nerved at the rounded 

 (sessile base. 



H. hirstltUS, only W., di tiers from the preceding in its rough-hairy stem 

 jo_.jo ),]],_ ani | leaves with narrower base more or less petiolcd. 



H. strumOSUS, common in low grounds, has mostly smooth stems 3 -4 

 hi.uli, broadly lanceolate or lance ovate leaves rough above and whitish or white- 

 downy beneath, their margins beset with tine appresscd teeth, and petioles short 

 ami margined. 



H. decapdtalus, so named because (like the preceding) it commonly has 

 10 rays; common along >trcam>, has branching stems .3 - i> high, thin and 

 briglit-^reen smootlii>h ovate lcave> coai'selv toothed and abrnjitly contracted 

 into margined petioles ; scales of the involucre long and loose. 



H. tuberbstlS, .IKIM-SAI.KM AIITICIIOKK (i. e. airnsnle or Sunflower in 

 Italian, corrupted in Kn^land into ./< ruxali m } : cult, for the tubers and run 

 wild in fence-rows. pn>habl\ a state of a wild S. W. species ; 5 -7 high, with 

 triple-ribbed mate pi riolcd leaves, rough-hairy a^ uell as the stems, all the 

 upper ones alternate, the running root^tocks ending in ovate or oblong edible 

 tubers. 



58. HELI6PSIS, OX-EYE. (Greek-made name, from the likeness l() 



Sunflower.) 



H. labvis, our only species, common in rich or low grounds, resembles 

 a Sunflower of the la-t section, but has pistillate rays and 4-sided akenes with- 

 out pappus: l-4 high, smooth; leaves ovate or lance-ovate, triple-ribbed, 

 petioled, serrate ; head of golden-yellow (lowers terminating the branches, in 

 summer. 2L 





