2.~>4 BOUA'II, IAMII.V. 



80. BOilRAGINACE.aE, BORAGE FAMILY. 



Mostly rough or rough-hairy plants, known from all relat'-l 

 nionopetalous orders by having a deeply 4-lobed ovary, or apparently 

 4 ovaries, around die lia-r (if a rmnnion style, each 1-ovulcd, ripen- 

 ing into akeui;s or nutlets, along with regular llowers (Echium 

 cx.'fptfil). >tameiis a> many as the lobes of the corolla (')) and 

 alternate with them, and alternate (mostly entire) leaves. In the 

 Heliotrope tribe, however, the ovary is not lobed, but the fruit at 

 maturity separates into 2 or 4 nutlets. Stigmas 1 or 2. Embryo 

 filling the seed : no albumen. Flowers disposed to be on one side of 

 the stem or branches, or of the branches of cymes, the raceme-like 

 clusters coiled at the end and straightening as the flowers expand. 

 Herbage not aromatic ; juice commonly bitterish, often somewhat 

 mucilaginous. Roots of several are red and used for dye. 



I. BORAGE FAMILY PROPER, having the deeply 4-parted 

 ovary as above. Ours all herbs. 



i) I. Corolla irregular funnel-form, naked in the throat : stamens unequal! 



1. ECIIIUM. Two of the spreading lobes of the corolla shorter than the others. 



Stamens ascending, more or less protruding: filaments and style long and 

 slender. Stigmas 2. Nutlets erect, leathery, rough-wrinkled. 



2. Corolla wheel-shaped, with no tube at all. 



2. BORRAGO. Flowers, as in all the following, perfectly regular. A blunt scale 



at the base of each lobe of the 5-parted corolla, alternating with the con- 

 niving stamens. Filaments verv short, limad, and with a cartilaginous pro- 

 jection behind the linear pointed anther. Nutlets erect. 



6. M YOSOTIS, and 7. OMPHALODES, from the short tube to the corolla may 

 be sought for here. 



3. Corolla tubular, funnel-form, or salver-shaped, sometimes almost wheel-shaped, 

 * Open in the throat, the folds or short scales, if any, not closing over the. oriftce. 



3. MERTF.XSIA. Corolla tubular, trumpet-shaped, with the widely spreading 



border -carceiv at all lolied and its throat perfectly naked in the common 

 species; the slender filaments protruding. 1-ruit fleshy, smooth or wrinkled. 

 Smooth plants, which i.- rare in this order. 



4. OXoSMOIUI'M. Corolla tubular, with the 5 acute lobes erect or converging, 



the throat perfectly naked, bearing tlu> arrow-shaped or linear and mucronate 

 anthers: filaments hardly any. Myle very slender and protruding. Nutlets 

 Stony. <niooth, fixed by their base. Very rou^h-bristly liomelv plants. 



5. LITHOSPERMUM. Corolla funnel-form or salver-shaped, with' rounded lobes 



imbricated in the bud, with or without evident short and broad scales or 

 folds in the throat. Anthers oblong, included: filament* hardly any. Xut- 

 let- Mony. smooth or rou'_ r hen.-.l, ovate, lixi'd by the base. Hough or hairy 

 plants, mo-stly with red rooN. 



6. MlOSOTIS. "Corolla very short-salver-form, the tube only about the length of 



the 6-tOOthed Or B-cleft calyx, the rounded lobes convolute in the bud. the 

 throat with 5 small and blunt arching appendages. Anthers short, included. 

 Nutlets -month and hard, lixed by their ba-e. Low and small, mostly soft- 

 hairy plants, the small raeemed (lowers commonly bractlr--. 



* Scales or appaiilngcs f the corolla, i-iint/iii-iimm nnv before the base of each lobe, 



<i/i<l i-losim/ nr lunrli/ cluniiii/ tin' nr/jice. 

 -i- Corolla short-siilrcr-slinped or netir/u irlntl-slmptd : ftinm-ns Included. 



7. OMHIALODES. Corolla with tube -shorter than the roundel lobes. Nutlets 



smooth, depressed, and with a hollow basket-like top. Flowers loosely ra- 

 cemed: nooracts. Low smooth or smonthish herbs. 



