SECTION 14.] 



FRUIT. 



123 



Poppy, or burst irregularly in some part, as in Lobelia and the Snapdragon ; 

 but commonly it splits open (or is dehiscent) lengthwise into regular pieces, 

 called VALVES. 



371- Regular Dehiscence in a capsule takes place in two ways, which are 

 best illustrated iu pods of two or three cells. It is either 



Loculicidal, or, splitting directly into the locitli or cells, that is, dowu 

 the back (or the dorsal suture) of each cell or carpel, as in 

 Iris (Fig. 395) ; or 



Septicidal, that is, splitting through the partitions or septa, 

 as in St. John's-wort (Fig. 396), Rhododendron, 

 etc. This divides the capsule into its compo- 

 nent carpels, which then open by their ventral 

 suture. 



372. In loculicidal dehiscence the valves nat- 

 urally bear the partitions on their middle ; in 

 the septicidal, half the thickness of a partition 

 is borne on the margin of each valve. See the 

 annexed diagrams. A variation of either mode 

 occurs when the valves break away from the 

 partitions, these remaining attached iu the axis of 

 the fruit. This is called Sepifragal dehisceuce. 

 One form is seen in the Morniug-Glory (Fig. 

 400). 



373. The capsules of Rue, Spurge, and some others, are both locul* 

 cidal and septicidal, and so split 



into halt'-carpellary valves or pieces. 



374. The Silique (Fig. 401) is 

 the technical name of the peculiar 

 pod of the Mustard family ; which 

 is two-celled by a false partition 

 stretched across between two pa- 

 rietal placentae. It generally opens 

 by two valves from below up- 

 ward, and the placentae with the 

 partition are left behind when the 

 valves fall off. 



375 . A Silicle or Pouch is only 

 a short and broad silique, like that 

 of the Shepherd's Purse, Fig. 402, 

 403. 



396 



395 



400 



FIG. 395. Capsule of Iris, with loculicidal dehisceuce; below, cut across. 

 FIG. 396. Pod of a Marsh St. John's-wort, with septicidal dehiscence. 

 FIG. 397, 398. Diagrams of the two modes. 



FIG. 399. Diagram of septifragal dehisceuce of the loculicidal type. 400. Same 

 of the septicidal or marginicidal type. 



