208 I.OHKMA FAMILY. 



lengthens ami elevate* the pappus ; then the involucre is reflexed, the pappus 

 spreads, and with the fruit is blown away by the wind. 



73. LACTUCA, LKTTIVE. (Ancient Latin name, from the milkyjuice.) 

 L. sativa, <;AI:I>I:.\ LETTUCE. Cultivated from Europe, the broad and 



tender root-lea\e- u-cd for salad; stem-leave- hcart->haped and clasping 

 flowers yellow. 



L. Canad6nsis, WILD LKTTI o:. Open ^rounds, 3 -9 high, with 

 lanceolate or oblong leaves often pinnatiiid, sometimes entire; flowers pale 

 yellow, sometime.- purple or reddish. 



74. MULGEDIUM, FALSE or BLUE LETTUCE. (Name from 

 Latin mulgeo, to milk.) Fl. summer, in thicket-borders, >.Vc. 



M. acuminatum, from New York to 111. & S. ; 3 - 6 high, with ovate 

 or lance-ovate barely serrate leaves on winged petioles, blue flowers, and bright 

 white pappus. 



M. Floridanum, from Pcnn W. & S. ; like the first, but with all the 

 leaves or the lower ones lyrate or runcinatc, uppermost partly clasping. 



M. leucophaeum, in low grounds : resembles Wild "Lettuce, and with 

 equally variable lanceolate or oblong often irregularly pinnatiiid leaves, very 

 compound panicle of pale blue or bluish-white (lowers, 'and tawny pappus. 



75. SONCHUS, SOW-THISTLE. (Ancient Greek name.) Coarse 

 weeds, with soft-spiny-toothed runcinate-pinnatifid leaves: nat. from En.: 

 fl. summer. 



S. Oleraceus, COMMON- S. ; in manured soil and damp waste places; 1- 

 5 high, acute auricles to the clasping base of the leaves, pale yellow flowers, 

 and akencs wrinkled transversely. (I) 



S. asper, like the la>t, but the leaves less divided and more spiny-toothed, 

 the auricles of their clasping base rounded, and akencs smooth with 3 "nerves on 

 each >idc. Ci) 



S. arv^nsis, FIELD S. Less common E. ; l-2 high from creeping 

 root-stoeks, with larger heads of bright yellow flowers, and bristly peduncles 

 and involucre. 21 



62. LOBELIACE.ai, LOBELIA FAMILY. 



Plants with milky acrid juice, alternate simple leaves, and scat- 

 tered racerned or panic-led flowers ; the calyx-tube adherent to the 

 many-seeded ovary and pod ; the corolla irregularly 5-lobed and 

 mostly split down as it were on the upper side ; the 5 stamens 

 united into a tube commonly by their filaments and always by their 

 anthers; style only one. 



Downingia elegans, under the older name of CLINTONIA ELEGANS, and, 

 D. pulch611a, formerly CI.INTOMA IM LOHBLLA, are delicate little annu- 

 als from California, sparingly cultivated. They resemble small Lobelias, with 

 very bright blue flowers, but are known by the very long and slender 1 -eel led 

 pod, and short tube of corolla not much spl'it down. 'The tirst has the 2 narrow 

 I'|l>es approaching each other opposite the 3-lobed lip which has a whiti.-h centre. 



The second has a larger corolla, with centre of the 3-lobed lip vellow and white, 

 and the -2 other lobes widely diverging. The nther common plants of the 

 order belong to 



1. LOBELIA (named after the herbalist He I'Oliel or Lobe!}. Tube of the 

 calyx and 2-cellcd pod -hort. Corolla split down on one side, the 5 lobes 

 more or less irregular or unequal. Two or all 5 anthers bearded at top. 



