274 DO<;BANK FAMILY. 



87. APOCYNACE.3E, DOGBANE FAMILY. 



Herbaceous or woody plants known mainly by the milky acrid 

 juice, opposite (sometimes whorlcd) simple and entire leave-, with- 

 out stipules, and regular nionopetalons flowers with 5 in the calyx, 

 forolla, and .stamen-, the lobes of the corolla convolute or twisted in 

 the bud, the anthers conniving around the stigma or often adhering 

 somewhat to it, ordinary pollen, ii laments separate, the 2 free ovaries 

 commonly separate, but often the styles and always the stigmas 

 united into one. The ovaries also are often united into one, the juice 

 in several (a.s of Periwinkle and Oleander) is not at all or slightly 

 milky, and one of our genera has alternate leaves. Some are orna- 

 mental in cultivation, many are acrid-poisonous. There is com- 

 monly a ring, membrane, or other appendage on the style below the 

 stigma, to which the anthers are apt to adhere. 



1. Shrubs cult, for ornament, natives of warm climates: leaves ofteiter ichorlaL 



1. ALL AMANDA. Corolla large, yellow, with short tube abruptly expanded into 



cylindrical bell-shaped or funnel-form, the 5 lobes broad and rounded. Sta- 

 men- :it the summit of the proper tube or throat, alternate and conniving with 

 as many 2-parted narrow scales. Ovary one and 1-celled, with 2 parietal pla- 

 centa, becoming a prickly pod. Style slender. Seeds naked. 



2. NKKll'M. Corolla salver-form or the long tube narrow funnel-form, the throat 



crowned >vith 5 slender-toothed scales. Stamens on the middle of the tube: 

 anthers 2-tailed at base and tapering at the apex into a long hairy twisted 

 awn-like appendage. Style 1. Ovaries 2, forming pods. Seeds tufted. 



2. More or less woody-stemmed twiners, willi opposite leaves. 



3. ECIIITES. Corolla funnel-form or salver-shaped, naked in the throat. Fila- 



ments very short. Style 1. Ovaries 2, becoming 2 long terete pods. Seeds 

 with a downy tuft. Flowers large and showy. 



4. FOBSTERONlA. Corolla funnel-form, uearly as in Echites, but the flower 



small, and filaments slender. 



3. Herbs or scarcely woody plants, not twiners : bark usually abounding wilfi tough 

 Jibi-vs ovaries 2, becominy many-seeded podi in fruit. 



# Leaves opposite. 



6. VINCA. Corolla salver-shaped or the tube funnel-form, the throat narrow 

 and naked. Stamens in-erted on the upper part or middle of the tube: fila- 

 ments short. Style 1, slender. 1'od- rather short. Seeds abrupt at each 

 end, naked, rough. The hardy species trail or creep. 



6. APOCYNUM. Corolla bell-shaped, crowned with 5 triangular appendages in 



the throat. Stamens attached to the very base of the corolla. Stvle none. 

 A large ovate stigma unites the tips of the 2 ovaries, which in fruit form long 

 and slender pods. Seeds with a long tuft of silky down at one end. Upright 

 or ascending herbs, with small pale or \vlnte flowers in terminal cymes or 

 corymbs, and very tough fibrous bark. 



* * Leaves alternate, very numerous. 



7. AMSONFA. Corolla salver-shaped or the slender tube somewhat funnel-form, 



bearded in-ide, without appendage* at the throat, the lobes long and linear. 

 Stamens in-erted on and included in the tube: anthers blunt at both ends. 

 Style 1, slender. 1'ods long (4'-t>') and slender. Seeds cylindrical, abrupt 

 at both ends, with no tuft. Upright herbs, with terminal p'anicled cymes of 

 bluish (lowers. 



1. ALL AM AND A. (Named for Dr. F. AllamanJ, who discovered the 



common spfeie- iii (iuiana.) 



A. cathartica. A showy shrub of the conservatory, with bright great 

 oblong thinnish leaves, and golden-yellow flowers 2V -3' lony. 



