LILY FAMILY. 337 



S. hispida. Only from Perm. N. : rootstock Ion;:; stem high-climbing, 

 below beset with long and dark bristly prickles; leaves ovate and heart-shaped, 

 green both sides, thin, 4' -5' long; flat peduncles Ij"- 2- long; (lowers larger 

 than in the Common Grecnbrier. 



* * Downy or smooth : stigma, cell of the. ovary, and seed only one ! 



S. pumila. Sandy soil S. : rising only 1 - 3 high, not prickly, >< ift-dc >wny, 

 with ovate or oblong and heart-shaped 5-ribbed evergreen leaves, when old 

 smooth above; peduncles twice as lung as petioles, densely-flowered; berries 

 whitish. 



S. laurifdlia. From pine-barrens of New Jersey S. : very smooth, high- 

 climbing, stem with some prickles ; leaves thick, evergreen, glossy, varying 

 from ovate to lanceolate, 3-nerved ; peduncles not exceeding the petiole anil 

 pedicels ; berries black. 



2. Sterns herbaceous, merer prickly, smooth : leaves long petiokd, thin : ovules 

 and seeds usually a pair in each cell: berries blue-black with a bloom. 



S. herbacea, CARRION FLOWER (the scent of the blossoms justifies the 

 name) : common in moist ground ; erect and recurving, often without tendrils, 

 or low-climbing, very variable in size, generally smooth; leaves ovate-oblong 

 or roundish and mostly heart-shaped, 7 -9-nerved ; peduncles sometimes short, 

 generally 3' -4' or even G'-8' long, even much surpassing the leaves, 20-40- 

 flowered. 



S. tamnifolia. Pine barrens from New Jersey S. : differs in its heart- 

 shaped and some halberd-shaped only 5-nerved leaves ; peduncles rather longer 

 than the petioles, and berry fewer-seeded. 



124. LILIACE.S3, LILY FAMILY. 



Large family, known as a whole by its regular symmetrical flow- 

 ers, with perianth of G (in one instance of 4) parts, as many stamens 

 with 2-celled anthers, and a free 3-celled (rarely 2-cdled) ovary. 

 Perianth either partly or wholly colored, or greenish, but not glu- 

 maceous. Flowers not from a spathe, except in Alii urn, &c. 

 Chiefly herbs, with entire leaves; all perennials. The great groups 

 comprised are the following. 



I. TRILLIUM FAMILY; with netted-veined leaves all in one 

 or two whorls on an otherwise naked stem, which rises from a fleshy 

 rootstock : styles or sessile stigmas 3, separate down to the ovary. 

 Fruit a berry. 



1. TRILLIUM. Perianth of 3 green persistent sepals and 3 colored petal*: the 



latter at length withering away after tlowering, but not deciduous. Anther* 

 linear, adnate, on short filaments, looking inwards. Awl-shaped stylos or stig- 

 mas persistent. Ovary 3-6-angled. Kerry purple m- red, ovate, many-> l''d. 



2. MEDEOLA. Perianth of 6 oblong and distinct nearly >imilar pieces, recurved, 



deciduous Anthers oblong, shorter than the slender filaments. Stigma- or 

 styles long and diverging or recurved on the globular ovary, deciduous 

 Berry dark-purple, few-seeded. 



II. MELANTHIUM FAMILY; with alternate and parallel- 

 veined leaves ; stem simple, at least up to the panicles ; and (lowers 

 often polygamous, sometimes dioecious; styles or sessile stigma- ;! . 

 separate down to the ovary. Fruit a pod. Anthers almost always 

 turned outwards. Perianth withering or persisting, not deciduous, 

 the 6 parts generally alike. Mostly acrid or poisonous plants, some 

 used in medicine. 



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