CLASSIFICATION OF ANGIOSPERMS. 



515 



and a bicarpellary ovary with two long styles. After fertilization 

 the aments become cone-like, and this compound fruit constitutes 

 the hop of commerce. This fruit differs essentially from the 

 true strobiles or cones of the Gymnosperms in that the seed in 

 the latter is replaced by an akene. ' Hops " are extensively used 



FIG. 286. Hop vine (Humulus Lupulus): A, portion of branch with pistillate flowers 

 (f) and cone-like fruit (s) ; B, portion of rachis of strobile with two scales enclosing akenes; 

 C, pistil; D, hair from rachis; E, epidermis of scale; F, longitudinal section of akene show- 

 ing coiled embryo; G, surface view of bract showing epidermis and cells containing calcium 

 oxalate; H. cystolith of leaf; I, cystolith of stem; J, glandular hairs (lupulin). 



in the manufacture of various beers and to a limited extent in 

 medicine. 



Ficus Carica, which yields the edible fig, is a deciduous tree 

 from 3 to 7 M. high, and with large, 5-lobed, petiolate leaves. 

 The flowers are situated in a hollow torus the walls of which 



