528 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



of them developed as antrorse hooks. Spines strong, 10 in the 

 dorsal fin; dorsal fins more or less connected by membrane; 

 second anal spine much enlarged, not shorter than third; anal 

 rays III, eight or nine. Vertebrae 12+13=25. Scales rather 

 large, ctenoid; top of head scaly; lateral line little arched. 

 Ventrals inserted well behind pectorals. Two known species, 

 both American. 



261 Morone americana (Gmelin) 



White Perch 



Perca americana GMELIN, L. Syst. Nat. I, III, 1308, 1788, New York. 

 Morone Rufa MITCHILL, Rep. Fish. N. Y. 18, 1814, New York. 

 Morone Pallida MITCHILL, Rep. Fish. N. Y. 18, 1814, New York. 

 Bodianus rufus MITCHILL, Trans. Lit. & Phil. Soc. N. Y. I, 420, 1S15. 

 J,abrax rufus DE KAY, N. Y. Fauna, Fishes, 9, pi. 3, fig. 7, 1842; GUNTHER, 



Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. I, 65, 1859. 

 Labrax pallidus DE KAY, N. Y. Fauna, Fishes, 11, pi. 1, fig. 2, 1842; 



GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. I, 67, 1859. 



Labrax nigricans DE KAY, N. Y. Fauna, Fishes, 12, pi. 50, fig. 160, 1842. 

 Roccus americanus BEAN, 19th Rep. Comm. Fish. N. Y. 268, pi. XIX, fig. 



23, 1890. 

 Morone americana GILL, Ichth. Rept. Oapt. Simpson's Surv. Great Basin 



Utah, 397, 1876; BEAN, Fishes Penua. 133, pi. 15, 1893; JORDAN & 



EVERMANN, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1134, 1896, pi. CLXXXI, fig. 



479, 1900; BEAN, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat Hist. IX, 366, 1897; MEARNS, 



Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. X, 321, 1898; ETJGENE SMITH, Proc. Linn. 



Soc. N. Y. 1897, 39, 1898; H. M. SMITH, Bull. U. S. F. C. 1897, 99, 1898; 



BEAN, 52d Ann. Rept. N. Y. State Mus. 105, 1900. 



The genus Morone of Gill differs from Roccus in hav- 

 ing the dorsals joined, the spines strong, the anal with 10 soft 

 rays, its spines not graduated, the jaws subequal and base of 

 the tongue toothless. It includes the common white perch and 

 the yellow bass. 



The white perch has an oblong body, with the back convex, 

 mouth moderate, the maxillary reaching a little beyond the 

 front of the eye; the eye is nearly as long as the snout, and is 

 contained five and one half times in the length of the head; the 

 head is about one third of total without caudal; the depth of 

 body is contained two and two thirds times in total without cau- 

 dal; the fourth anal spine is the longest, two fifths length of 

 head; the second is stouter and slightly shorter than the third, 

 its length one third that of head. 



