INDEX 



Absorption of tail, 237. 



Acris gryllus, 20, 27, 37, 38, 47, 153-156. 



Acris gryllus crepitans, 153. 



Aestivation, 16. 



Age of Toads, 73. 



Aglossa, 14. 



American Discoglossoid Toad, see Ascaphus. 



American Toad, see Bufo americanus. 



Amphibia, see Batrachia. 



Anderson's Hyla, see Hyla andersonii. 



Animal behaviour, 27-35. 



Apoda, i. 



Arcifera, 7. 



Ascaphus truei, 7, 51-52. 



Austral Region, 37. 



Austroriparian subregion, 38. 



Batrachia, distinction from Fishes and 



Reptiles, i, n, 14. 

 number of, 15. 

 phylogeny of, 11-15. 

 two orders of, 2. 

 Bibliography, 241-250. 

 Bombina maxima, 52. 

 Boreal Region, 37. 

 Boulenger, 10, 52. 



Breathing pore, 8, 69, 70, i8r, 204, 236, 237. 

 Breeding season of Salientia, 4-5. 

 Brogniart, 12. 



Bufo aduncus, 63 (footnote). 

 alvarius, 41, 45, 106-108. 

 americanus, 4, 19, 21, 45, 63-89, 66 

 and 75 (call), 67-72 (life history), 

 73-75 (moulting), 76 (breathing), 

 79 (poison), 80-86 (food and econo- 

 mic _ value), 81 (tongue), 86-87 (pro- 

 tection), 87 (colour change), 93, 

 96-97. 



boreas, 38, 44, 115-116. 

 boreas nelsoni, 41, 116. 

 cognatus, 19, 40, 41, 45, 93, 99-102. 

 columbiensis columbiensis, see boreas. 

 columbiensis halophilus, see halophihts. 

 compactilis, 19, 39, 41, 44, 102-104. 

 copei, 63. 



debilis, 39, 41, 44, m, i 12 . 

 {owleri 4, jo 20 21, 45, 66, 93~97, 95 

 , (call), 96 (development), 96-97 (dis- 

 tinction from B. americanus). 

 halophilus, 41, 44, 113-115. 

 halophilus columbiensis, 114. 

 hemiophrys, 38, 45, 98. 

 lentiginosus, 4, 19, 45, 89-91. 

 lentiginosus americanus, see ameri- 

 canus. 



lentiginosus fowleri, see fowleri. 

 lentiginosus woodhousei, 19, 39, 41 45 

 91793. 



tntcroscaphus, 114. 

 punctatus, 19, 39, 41, 44, 110-112. 

 quercicus, 19, 45, 104-106. 

 valliceps, 39, 41, 44, 108-110, in. 

 BUFONID^E, 7, 9, 14, 26, 44, 63-116. 

 Bullfrog, see Rana catesbiana. 

 Burrowing, 16, 33, 36, 54, 56, 72, 88, 101. 



California Toad, see Bufo halophilus. 

 Chorophilus nigritus, 38, 47, 157-160. 



J Chorophilus, n. feriarum, 4, 48, 157, 160. 

 n. septentrionalis, 38, 48, 157, 160. 

 n. triseriatus, 40, 48, 157, 160. 

 occidentalis, 161. 

 ocular is, 47, 162. 

 ornatus, 48, 161. 

 Chromatophores, 22-23. 

 Cilia, 1 80. 



Circulation in gills, 180. 

 Classification, 7-11. 

 Cold-blooded, 15, 36, 79. 

 Colour change, 22-27 (general), 87 (B. 

 americanus), 109 (B. valliceps), 114 

 (B. halophilus), 120 (H. versicolour), 

 125 (H. gratiosa), 127 (H. cinerea), 

 135 (H. regilla), 149 (H. squirella), 

 152 (Smilisca baudinii), 156 (Acris 

 gryllus), 190 (R. palustris), 197 (R. 

 onca), 210 (R. sylvatica), 227 (R. 

 grylio), 230 (R. catesbiana). 

 Colour pattern, 26-27. 

 Common Bullfrog, see Rana catesbiana. 

 Common Leopard Frog, see Rana pipiens 

 Common Tree Frog (or Tree Toad), see 



Hyla versicolor. 

 Cope, 53, 120, 168. 

 Cranial crests, 77, 97. 

 Cricket Frog, see Acris gryllus. 

 Croaker, see Rana sylvatica. 

 Crossoptergii, 12. />;'. 



CYSTIGNATHID.-E, 7, 9, 14, 43 , 45t 163-165. 



Development, 3-5. 



frog's egg, 176-181. 



toad's egg, 67-71. 

 Dipnoi, 12. 



DISCOGLOSSID., 5, 7, 8, 14, 26, 43, 51-53. 

 Distribution, 35-42. 



Ears of Salientia, 6, 31, 77, 231, 238. 

 Eastern Wood Frog, see Rana sylvatica. 

 Economic value, 80-86, 185, 234. 

 Efts, 21. 

 Eggs of Salientia, description, 3-4. 



development 67-71, 176-181. 



enemies of, 4. 

 Enemies of eggs, 4. 



of tadpoles, 146, 181-183. 



of toads and frogs, 72, 215, 234. 

 Engystoma carolinense, n, 19, 21, 40, 48, 



166168. 



' texense, 48, 168-169. 

 ENGYSTOMATID.E, 8, 10, 43, 48, 166-170. 



Families of Salientia, 7. 

 Firmisternia, 8, 

 Fishes, i, 6. 

 Flash colours, 26. 



Florida Tree Frog, see Hyla gratiosa. 

 Food of frogs, 28, 184, 190, 196, 202-203 ' 

 214, 228, 238, 239. 



of tadpoles, 69, 210, 235. 



of toads, 29, 90, 8 1-86. 

 Fossils, see Phylogeny. 

 Fowler's Toad, see Bufo fowleri. 

 Frogs, see RANID.E. 



Geographical Distribution, 35-42, 52, 134, 



251 



