Genus Libythea 



the third median nervule is the most pronounced. The cell of 

 the primaries and of the secondaries is lightly closed. 



Egg. The egg is ovoid, nearly twice as high as wide, with nar- 

 row vertical ridges on the sides, every other ridge much higher than 

 its mate and increasing in height toward the vertex, where they ab- 

 ruptly terminate, their extremities ranging around the small de- 

 pressed micropyle. Between these ridges are minute cross-lines. 



Caterpillar. The caterpillar has the head small, the anterior 

 segments greatly swollen and overarching the head. The re- 

 mainder of the body is cylindrical. 



Chrysalis. The chrysalis is of a somewhat singular shape, 

 the abdomen conical, the head sharply pointed, a raised ridge 

 running from the extremity of the head to the middle of the first 

 abdominal segment on either side, and between these ridges is 

 the slightly projecting thoracic tubercle. On the ventral side 

 the outline is nearly straight. 



The caterpillar feeds upon Celtis occidentalis. Three species 

 are reckoned as belonging to our fauna. It is, however, doubtful 

 whether these species are in reality such, and there is reason to 

 believe that the three are merely varietal forms or races, no struc- 

 tural difference being apparent in any of them, and the only dif- 

 ferences consisting in the ground-color of the wings. 



(1) Libythea bachmanni, Kirtland, Plate XXVIII, Fig. I, $ ; 

 Fig. 2, $, underside; Plate V, Figs. 23, 24, chrysalis (The 

 Snout-butterfly). 



Butterfly. Easily distinguished from the following species 

 by the redder color of the light spots on the upper side of the 

 wings. Expanse, 1.75 inch. 



Early Stages. The generic description must suffice for these. 

 They have been frequently described. 



The butterfly ranges from New England and Ontario south- 

 ward and westward over the whole country as far as New 

 Mexico and Arizona. 



(2) Libythea carinenta, Cramer, Plate XXVIII, Fig. 3, $ 

 (The Southern Snout-butterfly). 



Butterfly. Much like the preceding species, but readily dis- 

 tinguished from it by the paler yellowish-fulvous light markings 

 of the upper side of the wings. Expanse, 1.75 inch. 



Early Stages. These have not been carefully described as yet. 



L. carinenta ranges from New Mexico into South America. 



227 



