The Skeleton 



of a division into two articular surfaces. The 

 ventral side of the femur near the proximal end 

 shows a fairly distinct trochantal ridge. 



The shin or crus is made 

 up of two well-developed 

 bones, the tibia (t) and fib- 

 ula (fb) , the former being 

 somewhat longer and con- 

 siderably thicker than the 

 latter. 



The tibia consists of a 

 cylindrical shaft with en- 

 largements of about equal 

 size at the ends. The 

 proximal end forms most 

 of the knee joint, the 

 distal end articulates with 

 a tarsal element said by 

 Reynolds to represent the 

 fused astragalus and cen- 

 trale, by Wiedersheim 

 called the astragalus, and 

 said to represent the 

 united tibiale, interme- 

 dium, and centrale (tb, 

 tb') . The fibula articulates by a small enlargement 

 at its proximal end with the femur, and by an enlarge- 

 ment of about equal size, at its distal end, with the 

 fibulare or calcaneum (ca) , and with a small facet on 

 the above-mentioned tibiale-centrale element. 



-cl 



FIG. 29. POSTERIOR LIMB. 



ca, calcaneum or fibulare; cl, claw; 

 /, femur; fb, fibula; /, tibia; 

 /3, M-s, tarsalia; tb, lb l , tibiale- 

 centrale; IV, V, 4th and 5th 



metatarsals. 



