128 CATALOGUE OF THE 



162, f. 1, 2, (1704); Ab.-Sm., Ins. Ga,, I, p. 22, t. 



1], (1797); (Polygmiia C A.) Hiib., Sam. Ex. 



Schmett., II, (1806-1824) ; Verz. Bek. Schmett., 



p. 36, (1816); (Van, C A.} Bdl.-Lec., Lep. Am. 



Sept, p. 192, t, 51, (1833). 

 Van. Intenwgationis, GodL, Enc. Meth , IX, p. 301, 



(1819); Emm., Agr. Nat. Hist. N.York, p. 207, 



t, 35, (1854). 

 Grapta Crameri, Scud., Proc. Bost. Soe. Nat. Hist., 



XIII, p. 276, (1870); (Nymphalis C.} Kirby, Cat,, 



p. 648, (1871). 



Upper surface of inferiors Muish black. 



Larva on nettle, hops, elm. 



There has been any amount of confusion in regard to this spe- 

 cies, all evidently having its origin in the fact of Fabricius' 

 apparent non-acquaintance with the true C Aureum of Linn. 

 (Angelica, Cram.), Linn.'s diagnosis of the latter species in 

 Syst. Nat., is "C aurenm, If!!), P, N, alis angulatis fulvis 

 nigro-maculatis : posticis subtus C anreo notatis. 



Habitat in Asia. 



Simillimus P. C albo, sed duplo major, subtus magis luteo nebulosus 

 C uure.o minori notatis." 



This is plain enough ; neither Interrogationis nor var. Umbrosa 

 are cloudy yellow beneath, but C Aureum most undoubtedly 

 is. 



Fabricius in Syst. Ent., p. 506, cites C Aureum as the Asiatic 

 species from Linn., Syst. Nat., p. 778, Ed. 12. 



Jn the Sp. Ins., II, p. 94, he again gives it as Linn.'s Asiatic 

 species from Syst. Nat., p. 778, (Angelica, Cram., t. 388, Vol. 

 IV), and cites as a synonym Cramer's other figure (C Aureum, 

 Cram., t. 19, Vol.1), which represents the var. of the N. Am. 

 Fnterrogationis, now known as Umbrosa. 



In Mant. Ins., II, p. 50, he again quotes from the Syst. Nat. 

 Linn.'s description of the Asiatic species, substituting, how- 

 ever, the words ''alis dentato caudatis" for "alis angulatis." 



In Ent. Syst., Ill, 1, p. 78, he quotes Linn, altered in the same 

 way, and refers again to Cramer's N. Am. C Aureum (t. 19, 

 Vol. 1 ) an a synonym. 



Cramer in his text to the figure of our N. Am. species (t. 19) 

 also makes the same mistake and cites it as Linn.'s Asiatic 

 species, i. e., "Linn., Syst. Nat., XU, p. 778, n. 169 Pap. 

 Nymph, phalerat. C aureum," whilst the real species de- 

 scribed by Linn., in the foregoing, Cramer figured on his t. 

 388 as another species under the name of Angelica. 



Herbst in Vol. 7, t. 142, has copied Cramer's figure of our N. 

 Am. species, hut in the text he quotes Linn.'s diagnosis of the 

 Asiatic species as altered by Fabricius in the Mant. Ins. and 

 Ent. Syst. He also cites Fabricius' various works and Cra- 

 mer's t. 19. Its fatherland he gives as Asia. 



Abbot's upper figure (t. 11, Vol. I) C Aureum is l T mbrosa with- 

 out doubt. The lower figure will do for either Umbrosa or 

 [nterrugationis equally as well, as it is equally as like and 

 unlike either. 



Hubner's figures (II, Sam. Exot. Schmett.) are first-rate repre- 

 sentations of Umbrosa. 



Bdl.-Lec.'s figure 1 represents a form between Interrogationis 

 and its var Umbrosa, of which I have an example that is as 

 near one as the other. 



In Constab'e's Miss. Butt., Ill, t. 11, is figured the "American 

 Comma butterfly, Papilio C aureum. Virginia." It is evi- 

 dently an atrocious figure of Faumis, or perhaps of Comma, 

 certainly not Interrogationis. He cites "Abbot, t. 11," but 

 there is no resemblance to the latter figure. 



