130 



CATALOGUE OF THE 



Pap. G album, Fonrc., Ent, Paris., II, p. 235, (1785). 

 Van. Comma alba, Mill., Brit, Ent., t. I, (1821). 

 Grapta Faunus, W. H. Edwds., Proc. A cad. 

 Nat, Sc., Phil., p. 222, (1862); Proc. Ent, Soc., 

 Phil., I, p. 183, (1862); Butt. N. Am., I, t, 1, 

 Grapta, (1869); (Van. F.) Kirby, Cat., p. 182, 

 (1871); (Grapta F.} Caulfield, Can. Ent., VII, p. 

 49, (1875); (Polygonia F.) Scud., Syst, Rev. Am. 

 Butt , 10, (1872) ; Buff. Bull., II, p! 252, (1875). 



, Petiv., Pap. Brit. Icon., etc., p. 2, t. 

 IV, f. 5-12, (1717). 



-, Merian, Eur. Ins., I, t. 14, (1730). 

 -, Xeba, Thes., IV, 1. 1, f. gl-g5, (1765). 

 Enyr., Pap. Eur., I, p. 14, t. V, f'. 



5a-5f, (1779). 



After continued and most careful examination of great num- 

 bers of O Album from various parts of Europe, and also of the 

 so-called species Faunus from the United States and 

 Canada, as well as examples from the Amoor region and 

 Japan, I cannot pronounce them distinct. The American 

 examples are apparently less subject to variation than their 

 European congenors, but there is no certain point of sufficient 

 stability to entitle them to specific distinction. 



The dark exterior border on upper surface of wings is gener- 

 ally deeper in colour and more inclined to blackish in the 

 N. Am. examples, and the spots enclosed in that of seconda- 

 ries are inclined to be smaller, but neither of these are con- 

 stant distinctions, as those of the European examples having 

 the borders of outer margins darkest are precisely identical 

 with those of the American examples in which said borders 

 are lighter than the average. 



The examples from Japan are notably like the average of those 

 from Canada and N. York, all having that same greenish- 

 blue tinge of under surface which is more peculiar to the 

 latter. 



My hope was that Faunus might prove constant enough in 

 depth of colour of outer margins of upper surface to allow 

 its being cited as a form or variety of Q Album, but, as 1 be- 

 fore said, when the darker European examples are placed 

 aside of the paler American ones, this ceases to be a distinc- 

 tion at all, as we know not where C Album ends or Faunus 

 begins. Besides, there are in Europe forms of C Album that 

 are yellow below, presenting far greater differences from the 

 darker forms of the same than do the most aberrant of the 

 latter from the N. American examples; these yellow (.-xam- 

 ples have analogues in some of the variations of Comma and 

 Salyrus, which on under side are yellow of various shades 

 from pale ochre to dark orange tawny. As to the before 

 mentioned Japanese examples, they are almost fac-si miles of 

 those from America save that they are of average larger size 

 though not larger than the largest of the latter. 



Larva on willow (Salix Hamilis). 



var. a. HYLAS, W. H. EDWDS., (Grapta //.), Trans. Am. 

 Ent. Sue., IV, p. 68, (1872); Butt. N. Am.. 11, 

 t. I, Grapta, (1875); Mead, Wheeler's Rep., V, p. 

 768, (1875). 



Polygonia Zephyrus, Scud., Buff. Bull., II, p. 252, 

 (1875). 



Smaller; otherwise differing little from the Ka^d-rn i'nrm 



( 'ulorado. 



