22 



Classification. 



Order Lepidoptera. Butterflies and Moths. 



Ocaly-winged Insects having the maxillae or mouth parts 

 soldered together so as to form a tube, through which fluid 

 food is sucked in by exhaustion ; this spiral tongue is rolled 

 up between the palpi. Wings four, in some females rudi- 

 mentary ; venation simple, consisting of two central veins 

 and their branches, with a dorsal vein or veins belonging in 

 reality to the median series; a median cell; no true cross- 

 veins : the wings with fringes, wide and usually large in 

 proportion to the body, furnished sometimes with folds and 

 pouches ; the scales laid shingle-like, overlapping ; the presence 

 of perfumed scales (Duftschuppen) has been discovered by 

 Fritz Miiller in certain males. Body divided into three parts, 

 head, thorax and abdomen ; tegument scaled or haired, rather 

 soft ; legs long and slender, often with tufts ; the tibiae 

 often spinose, clawed, furnished with a foliate epiphysis or 

 swollen and shortened. Metamorphosis complete ; pupa co- 

 vered with an unyielding crust preventing all movement of 

 appendages, with or without cocoon or silken attachments. 



Seriesl. Rhopalocera. Day Butterflies, Butterflies. 



This diurnal series need not detain us here and I would 

 merely refer to my "Classification", in which I show the 

 presence in North America of older types. Such an older 

 type, synthetic as embracing characters of both series, is 

 the Paleoliesperidae m., a Family regarded by me as of 

 equal value to the Hesperidae or Papnionidae. Under the 

 name Castnioides, the type is shown by Prof. Riley to be 

 a Butterfly; when I first examined it, the spinose legs led 

 me to regard it as a Castniid after Walker. I believe to 



