XX HISTORICAL SKETCH. 



the notion that north is south, and east is west, the nerve cords are transferred 

 from one side of the body to the other, turning them literally upside down and 

 inside out. annihilating the most fundamental systems of organs, such as the 

 heart and entire alimentary canal, and necessitating the creation "de novo" of 

 whole systems of organs to take their place. In this process the axes of growth 

 and differentiation are reversed, or ignored, and no attempt is made to reconcile 

 these assumptions with the actual conditions that are so familiar in the embryonic 

 development of both vertebrates and arthropods. 



LIST OF THE AUTHOR'S PAPERS CONCERNING THE EVOLUTION OF THE VERTEBRATES 



1884. The Development of Phryganids with a preliminary note on the development of 

 Blatta Germanica. Quart. J. M. Sc., Vol. XXIV, X. S. 



1886. Eyes of Molluscs and Arthropods. Mitth. aus. d. Zool. Stat. zu. Neapel. Vol. VI. 



1887. Eyes of Molluscs and Arthropods. Journ. Morphol. Vol. I, April n. 



1887. Studies on the Eyes of Arthropods. I. Development of the Eyes of Vespa, 

 with Observations on the Ocelli of some Insects. Journ. of Morphol., Vol. I, 

 April ii. 



1888. Studies on the Eyes of Arthropods. II. Eyes of Acilius. Journ. of Morphol., 

 Vol. II. 



1888. Segmental Sense Organs of Arthropods. Journ. of Morphol., Vol. II. 

 1890. On the Origin of Vertebrates from Arachnids. Quart. Journ. Micr. Sc., 

 Vol. XXXI, Part 3. 



1893. On the Morphology and Physiology of the Brain and Sense Organs of Limulus. 

 Quart. Journ. Micr. Sc., Vol. XXXV, No. 137. 



1894. On Structures Resembling Dermal Bones in Limulus. Anat. Anz., Bd. 9, No. 14. 

 1896. Variations in the Development of Limulus Polyphemus. Journ. of Morphol., 



Vol. XII, No. i. 

 1896. The Visual Centres of Arthropods and Vertebrates. Morph. Soc. Sc., Vol. V, 



P- 43 ! 

 1899. Patten Wm., and Redenbaugh, W. A. The Endocranium of Limulus, Apus, 



and Mygale. Journ. Morphol., Vol. XVI, No. i. 

 1899. Patten, Wm., and Redenbaugh, W. A. The Nervous System of Limulus 



Polyphemus. Ibid. 

 1899. Gaskell's Theory of the Origin of Vertebrates. Am. Naturalist, Vol. XXXIII, 



April, pp. 360-9 

 1900 Patten, Wm., and Hazen, A. P. The Development of the Coxal Gland, 



Branchial Cartilages, and Genital Ducts of Limulus. Journ. Morphol., Vol. XVI, 



No. 3. 



1901. On the Origin of Vertebrates, with Special Reference to the Ostracoderms. 

 Address before the V. International Congress of Zoologists, Berlin. 



1902. On the Structure and Classification of the Tremataspidat. Amer. Nat., Vol. 

 XXXVI, No. 425. 



1903. On the Structure and Classification of the Tremataspidas. Mem. Acad. Imp. 

 Sci. St. Petersbourg, Vol. XIII, No. 5. 



1903. On the Appendages of Tremataspis. Amer. Nat., Vol. XXXVII, No. 436. 



1903. The Structure of the Ostracoderms. Science, Vol. XVII, No. 430. 



1903. On the Structure of the Pteraspidas and Cephalaspidae. Am. Nat. 



1904. New Eacts Concerning Bothriolepis. Biol. Bui., Vol. VII., July. 



