TRIBE XX. CEUTORHYNCHIKI. 429 



Steuben, Marshall and Putnam counties, Ind., probably 

 throughout the State; June 11 Sept. 25. Frequent near New 

 York (Mty in May and June. Ormond, Eustis and Dunedin, 

 Fla. ; Feb. 11 April 13. Ranges from New England to Minne- 

 sota, south to Florida, being apparently most abundant in the 

 Ohio valley states and Missouri, where it becomes of sufficient 

 economic importance to have inspired special bulletins by Walsh 

 and Brooks, and more or less extended notices by numerous 

 other economic entomologists. Known as the "grape curculio" or 

 "grape-seed curculio," as it occurs on both wild and cultivated 

 grapes, the adults feeding on the green upper layer, or epidermis, 

 of the leaves, leaving numerous minute transverse marks (made 

 by the jaws in scraping) of a whitish color, that late in the fall 

 cause the foliage to look parched. No serious injury results from 

 such feeding by adults but the larvae are destructive to the fruit. 

 The eggs are laid singly in punctures made by the beak in the 

 grape, the young larva? penetrating to the seed within a few days, 

 and eventually causing the grape to drop to the ground in 

 which, at a depth of a half inch or less, the insect pupates in an 

 earthen cocoon. It takes an average of six days for the egg to 

 hatch, 18 for the larva to reach full size and 18 more for pupa- 

 tion, while the period of adult life is said to average slightly 

 over a year. The number of eggs laid by each female during her 

 long life is more than 250. While many natural enemies tend to 

 keep its numbers down, the long adult life and large egg-laying 

 capacity make serious outbreaks always possible, and Brooks 

 quotes statements of grape growers showing losses of 50 per 

 cent, of the crop. The most effective remedy is bagging the fruit, 

 which is said to cost $2.00 per thousand bunches, and to afford 

 protection from rot as well as from curculio. 



Walsh (1808) says of imn/iniJis: "The least touch will fetch 

 them off the vine; for this whole group of roundish snout beetles 

 (Ceutorhynchids) drop to the ground when alarmed more readily 

 even than the plum curculio. Indeed I have repeatedly observed 

 that they will often drop as soon as they see you looking at them, 

 although the plant on which they are sitting be not touched at 

 all." Brooks, however, records that, while the female was ovipos- 

 iting, he removed the grape and, through his hand lens, watched 

 the completion of her task. 



III. r.xKMoooNus Lee., 187(5. (Or., "leg" + "angle.") 



From Craponius this genus is separated by having the pectoral 

 groove shorter; tibia? flattened, with a large triangular tooth 



