138 SUBFAMILY x. CURCULIONIX;E. 



XTX. XX I ) ; ( I) ) those with the humeri cut off by the protruding 

 side pieces (XVII. XVIII. ); and (c) the cylindrical Lixus- 

 like- forms in which the first ventral segment is in part visible 

 from above (XV. XVI.) We have then placed first the short, 

 broad-beaked species (Tribes I. II.), similar in appearance to 

 the Otiorhynchime and like them living near or on the earth. 

 These are followed by the tribes with unequal ventral segments 

 that live for the most part on primitive coniferous trees (IV. 

 V.) or on clover or subaquatic vegetation (III. & VII.). Xext 

 come the great mass of small species with ventral segments nearly 

 equal and with toothed claws (VIII. XIV.), including a few 

 Mnall tribes exhibiting special adaptations. Finally, the tribes 

 first excluded are brought in to close the series with the nearest 

 approach to Thecesterninse and Calandrimp. The Hormopini 

 (known by one rare species only) and the Steruechini remain 

 doubtful as to position until more material has accumulated. 

 Many of the tribes have been subdivided by European authors, as 

 will be noted in the pages that follow, and their papers should be 

 consulted by the student in connection with the key here given, in 

 which only the principal characters are used. 



KEY TO TRIBES OF CURCULIOXIX.E. 



a. Beak free, not received in the breast in repose (except partially in 



the genera Orchestes and Bagous.). 



b. Humeri not truncated by protruding side pieces of mesothorax. 

 c. Lateral angles of first ventral segment covered by elytra. 



el. Beak short, broad; claws simple; ventral segments nearly 

 equal; gular peduncle short, broad; mentum large, quadrate. 



Tribe I. SITONINI, p. 140. 

 eld. Beak usually at least as long as thorax; gular peduncle usually 



long. 

 e. Ventral segments unequal, third and fourth united not or 



scarcely longer than second or fifth. 



/. Gular margin prominent, peduncle and mentum retracted; 



beak only as long as thorax, rather stout; elytra oval, 



humeri wanting. Tribe II. ALOPIIINI, p. 144. 



//. Gular margin not prominent, peduncle usually long; front 



coxae contiguous (slightly separated in Pissodini). 

 g. Tarsal claws simple; ventral sutures not angulated. 

 7). Eyes not contiguous beneath. 



i. Mandibles usually emarginate and two-toothed at tip. 



Tribe III. HYPERINI, p. 145. 

 ii. Mandibles bi-emarginate, three-toothed at tip. 



/. Tibia? with corbels, and with a long curved claw at 

 apex, which is oblique, dilated and ciliate; length 

 4 or more mm. 



