CATALOGUE OF TUNICATA. 19 



the large meshes formed by the transverse vessels and the internal 

 longitudinal bars (PI. Cyn. II., fig. 5). This last (internal) mesh work, 

 with its spicules, clearly corresponds to the whole wall of the branchial 

 sac in the genus Culeolus. We must regard the latter as derived from 

 Boltenia by the suppression of the stigmatic network. 



The alimentary canal is large, and forms a close loop extending along 

 the whole length of the left side. A gonad is present on each side, on 

 the left in the loop of the intestine, and on the right, where it is much 

 larger, it forms an elongated curved body, partly broken up into 

 two rows of rounded masses. 



Several of the specimens of this species are firmly attached to other 

 kinds of Simple Ascidians (PI. Cyn. II., figs. 6, 7) upon which they have 

 apparently grown. 



Boltenia gibbosa, Heller. 

 (? = Ascidia spinifera, Quoy and Gaimard). 



Two little specimens in the collection from Port Jackson probably 

 belong to this species. They have variously shaped spicules in the test, 

 showing gradations from simple bars to stellate forms. There are also 

 branched spicules in the mantle and the chief vessels of the branchial sac, 

 which show " contour " marks or lines of growth like those in the genus 

 Culeolus. There are 6 folds on each side of the branchial sac. There 

 are 4 longitudinal bars in the interspace between folds, and about the 

 same number on each fold. Every fourth transverse vessel is wider 

 than the intermediate ones, which are of one size. The meshes are 

 oblong, each containing 9 to 10 stigmata, occasionally divided by narrow 

 membranes, which do not, however, divide the stigmata. There are 

 tapering languets along the dorsal lamina. Only 10 tentacles are 

 present. The dorsal tubercle is nearly circular, with one horn coiled 

 inwards. I think it possible that this species may eventually prove 

 to be a young form of one of the others. 



[The only other species of this sub-family which has been recorded 

 from Australia is Boltenia australis (Q. and G.) from Port Jackson. 

 We can scarcely say with certainty now what this species was.] 



Sub-family CYNTHIIN-ffi, Herdman, 1880. 



Body attached, sessile, or very shortly pedunculated. Branchial and 

 atrial apertures with 4 lobes each. 



Test coriaceous, rarely cartilaginous, rarely covered with sand. 



