LIST OF FIGURES 



FRONTISPIECE. Head of Dinichthys. 



FIG. PAGE 



i, 2. Moving fishes, shark and 



eel 2 



3. Spanish mackerel .... 3 



4. Front view of Spanish 



mackerel 4 



5-8. Numerical lines of fishes . 5 



9-12. Gills of fishes . . . 17, 259 



13-19. Air-bladder . . . .22, 265 



20-31. Teeth and scales ... 24 



32-38. Fin spines 29 



39-43. Unpaired fins . . 32, 33 



44-48. Caudal fin .... 37 



49-54. Paired tins 42 



55-60. Barbels and sense organs 47 

 61-68. Mucous canals . . . 50 

 69. General anatomy of Cyclo- 



stome 58 



69 A. Skeleton of lamprey . . . 58 

 70-72 A-D. Bdellostoma, Myx- 



ine, Petromyzon . . 60, 61 



73. Palceospondylus 65 



74. Pteraspis .... 66 



75. Palaeaspis ... ... 66 



76. 77. Plates of Pteraspis ... 66 



78, 79. Cephalaspis 66 



80-82. Pterichthys 68 j 



83. General anatomy of shark . 73 



84. Skeleton of shark . . .75, 255 



85. Vertebrae of shark .... 76 



86. 86 A. Cladoselache . . .79 

 86 B. Teeth of Cladoselache . . So 



87. Acanthodes Si 



88. Acanthodes, shagreen . . . Si 

 88 A. Acanthodes, teeth . . 82 



89. Climatius 82 



FIG. PAGE 



90. Pleuracanthus 83 



90 A. Teeth of Pleuracanthus . 84 



90 B. Head roof of Pleuracanthus 84 



91. Cestracion 85 



92. Chlamydoselache .... 87 



93. Heptanchus 



94. Squalus ... . . 89 



95. Alopias . . 89 



96. Lamna .90 



96 A. Cetorhinus 90 



96 B. Ltemargus 91 



97. Squat ina 91 



98. 98 A. Pristis 92 



99. Pristiophorus .... 93 



100. Rhinobatis 93 



101. Raja . . 94 



102. Torpedo 95 



102 A. Dicerobatis (Cephalop- 



tera) 96 



103. Shark phylogeny . . . 98 



104. General anatomy of Chimasra 100 



105. Skeleton of Chimsera . . 102 

 105 A. Ischyodus . . . 104 



1 06. Myriacanthus 105 



IO&A. Squaloraja ... . 105 

 io6B, C. Derm plates of Myria- 

 canthus 105 



107-112. Dental plates of Chimre- 



roids 106 



113-116 A. Spines and claspers 



of Chimseroids . 107 



117. Harriotta 108 



1 1 8. Callorhynchus 109 



119. Chimcera .... . 110 



1 20. Chimsera, young . . . . 1 1 1 



121. General anatomy of lung-fish 117 



xin 



